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1377 Langl. P. Pl. B. xvii. 12 Dilige deum Þe glose was gloriousely writen


The
universe
(which
others
call
the
Library)
is
composed
of
an
indefinite,
perhaps
infinite
number
of
hexagonal
galleries.
In
the
center
of
each
gallery
is
a
ventilation
shaft,
bounded
by
a
low
railing.
From
any
hexagon
one
can
see
the
floors
above
and
below,
one
after
another,
endlessly.
The
arrangement
of
the
galleries
is
always
the
same:
Twenty
bookshelves,
five
to
each
side,
line
four
of
the
hexagon's
six
sides;
the
height
of
the
bookshelves,
floor
to
ceiling,
is
hardly
greater
than
the
height
of
a
normal
librarian.
One
of
the
hexagon's
free
sides
opens
onto
a
narrow
sort
of
vestibule,
which
in
turn
opens
onto
another
gallery,
identical
to
the
first
identical
in
fact
to
all.

  Ibid. 343 Beowulf is min nama

A typical, routine, commonplace, characteristic, normal, usual, average, standard, archetypical, unremarkable, conventional, ordinary, regular, customary, preponderant, classic drag and drop renaming function. Various species and methodologies to rename files. Particularly proud of the 10⁵ grilled cheese sandwiches (╯°□°)╯︵ ┻━┻

name, n. (neɪm)Forms: α. 1 nama, 2- name, (5 Sc. nayme), 2-5 nam, (5 naam). β. 1 noma, 2 nome.[OE. nama, nỏma masc. = OFris. nama, noma, OS. namo (MDu. name, naem, Du. naam), OHG. namo (MHG. and G. name), Goth. namô; the original gender and the final n of the stem (see nemn v.) is retained in ON. nafn, namn neut. (Sw. namn, Da. navn). Cognate forms occur in all the other Indo-European languages, as Skr. nāman, Gr. ὄνομα, L. nōmen, OIr. ainm (pl. anmann), OSl. imẻ (Russ. imya), etc.] name, n. I. 1. name, n. a. The particular combination of sounds employed as the individual designation of a single person, animal, place, or thing. α Beowulf 78 “[He] scop him Heort naman.” 862: Charter 29 in O.E. Texts 439 “Brocces ham ðes dennes nama. ðes oðres dennes nama sænget hryg.” 1000: O.E. Chron. an. 975 “Eorla ealdor þæm wæs Eadweard nama.” 1122: Ibid. (Laud MS.) an. 1118 “Iohan of Gaitan..þam wæs oðer nama Gelasius.” 1200: Trin. Coll. Hom. 91 “Þat mai ech man understonden þe wot wat bitocneð þese tweie names betfage and ierusalem.” 1250: Gen. Issa was hire firste name.” 1320: Sir Tristr. 1216 “Marchaund ich haue ben ay, Mi nam is tramtris.” 1390: Gower Conf. I. 191 “The kinges Moder there lay, Whos rihte name was Domilde.” 1450: Myrc 138 “Then may the fader..Crysten the chylde and ȝeue hyt name.” 1526: Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 24 “Marke therin the citees names & other places in his mynde.” 1560: J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 406 “A sonne named Henry..the seventh of that name.” 1598: Shakes. Merry W. i. iv. 14 “Peter Simple, you say your name is?” 1651: Hobbes Leviath. iii. xxxiv. 213 “God needeth not to distinguish his Celestiall servants by names.” 1710: Pope Windsor For. 339 “The fam'd authors of his ancient name, The winding Isis, and the fruitful Thame.” 1776: Gibbon Decl. & F. vi. I. 156 “The name of Antoninus..had been communicated by adoption to the dissolute Verus.” 1818: Shelley Julian 584 “The name Of Venice, and its aspect, was the same.” 1897: H. Porter in Century Mag. July 357 “He would call them sometimes by their last names.” β 850: Martyrol. in O.E. Texts 177 “His noma wæs Maximus.” 971: Blickl. Hom. 161 “Þæs noma wæs Zacharias.” 1175: Lamb. Hom. 83 “Þenne ne mihte noht hire sune habbe þene nome þet him wes iȝefen.” 1225: Leg. Kath. 444 “Nat ich nowðer þi nome ne ich ne cnawe þi cun.” 1300: K. Horn (Harl. MS.) 214 “Wel brouc þou þy nome ȝyng.” 1362: Langl. P. Pl. A. iii. 3 “The kyng clepet a clerke (I know not his nome).” 1420: Chron. Vilod. 687 “Now wolly telle ȝow forther—more þe nomes of þe founders euerychon.” name, n. b. In Oxford and Cambridge use, in phrases denoting that the person continues, or ceases, to be an actual member of a college or hall. 1779-81: Johnson L.P., Shenstone, “He continued his name in the book ten years, though he took no degree.” 1858: Ordinances Univ. Cambr. (1904) 257 “His name not having been kept on the boards of his College.” 1860: Oxford Univ. Cal. 140 “Provided they have kept their name on the Books of some College or Hall..for twenty-six Terms.” 1860: Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. xxiv, “Drysdale, anticipating his fate, took his name off before they sent for him.” name, n. c. Stockbroking. The ticket bearing the name of the purchaser of stock, handed over to the selling broker on name-day or ticket-day. [1891: G. H. Stutfield Rules & Usages Stock Exchange 59 “When the issuer of the ticket is a broker,..he has to insert the name of his client as the person into whose name the Stock is to be transferred.”] 1907: Poley & Gould Hist., Law & Pract. Stock Exchange 178 “It is called the ticket or name day because of the passing of tickets or names on that day.” 1934: F. E. Armstrong Bk. Stock Exchange x. 193 “`Names' play an important part in the settlement of Stock Exchange transactions.” 1968: J. D. Hamilton Stockbroking Today i. iii. 89 “Once in the office the names are sorted by the Names Department so that each name or batch of names matches a certain sale.. and where there is more than one ticket they are pinned together.” name, n. d. (or) my name is not , appended to a statement as an assertion of its truth. 1803: S. Owenson St. Clair vi. 29 “Sir Patrick will make the walls of the old Abbey ring again, or my name is not Michael M'Carty.” 1898: J. D. Brayshaw Slum Silhouettes 220, “I tell yer straight, if me an' Kitty don't make Soufend sit up, my name ain't Bill Brown.” 1962: C. S. Forester Hornblower & Hotspur xiii. 174 “We'll have a westerly gale, sir, or my name's not William Bush.” name, n. e. to put, or write, someone's name down for: to enter someone's name on a list of those interested in sharing in, acquiring, or taking part in a particular commodity or activity (cf. put v. 1 41i). 1819: M. Edgeworth Let. 2 Apr. (1971) 193 “Lady Jersey..told me she would put down our names and give me some tickets for Almacks. Of the 5 Patronesses she is supposed to rule.” 1821: Let. 30 Oct. (1971) 248 “The Colleges are now so full that a young mans name must be written down 3 or 4 years before he can hope to get in.” 1824: [see put v. 1 41i]. 1969: Guardian 20 Mar. 20/3 “Lord Linley, seven-year-old son of Princess Margaret and Lord Snowdon, had had his name put down for Eton.” 1974: Listener 25 Apr. 525/3 “Frances has her name down for Danesbury [Hospital] just in case something should happen to Ron.” name, n. f. give it a name: what would you like to drink? 1854: Dickens Hard T. i. vi. 43 “What thall it be, Thquire... Thall it be Therry? Give it a name, Thquire!..have a glath of bitterth.” 1863: T. Taylor in M. R. Booth Eng. Plays of 19th Cent. (1969) II. 88, “I hope you'll allow me to stand treat—give it a name, gentlemen... Thank you, I never drink with strangers.” 1929: J. B. Priestley Good Companions i. vi. 235 “The waiter collected orders and told Inigo to give it a name.” 1931: T. R. G. Lyell Slang 540 “`Well, boys, the drinks are on me! Give it a name!'” 1951: J. B. Priestley Festival at Farbridge i. ii. 59 “What are you drinking? Give it a name, chaps—there's everything here.” name, n. g. to have one's name (and number) on it: of a bullet, etc.: to be destined to kill a particular person. 1917: A. G. Empey Over Top 312 “Tommy detests these mortars because..he knows that it is only a matter of minutes before a German shell with his name and number on it will be knocking at his door.” 1919: Athenæum 18 July 632/2 “A soldier refers to the shell that kills him as `having his name and number on it'.” 1925: Fraser i.e., that it was destined for him.” 1958: R. Storey Touch it Light in Plays of Year XVIII. 376 “Ted. That farmer don't like us, sir. Ever since that bomb fell on his cowshed. Og. He thought it should have fallen on you? Syd. It had our name on it all right.” 1973: D. Francis Slay-Ride xii. 140 “The bomb probably had my name on it in the first place.” name, n. h. no names, no pack-drill: phr. used to indicate that if nobody is named as being responsible, nobody can be blamed. Cf. pack-drill s.v. pack n. 1 15c. 1923: O. Onions Peace in our Time i. ii. 25 “Men had a way of omitting the names of those of whom they spoke; no names no pack-drill.” 1926: E. Wallace More Educated Evans vii. 160 “There's a certain party—no names no pack-drill—who's fairly doggin' me to get information.” 1931: P. MacDonald Crime Conductor i. i. 7 “`Meaning?' said Cuthbertson. `No names,' said Garth Johnson quickly, `no pack drill!'” 1955: M. Allingham Beckoning Lady ii. 32 “It just means no name, no pack drill, and always speak well of them as has money to sue.” 1962: `B. Graeme' Undetective iii. 32 “`It's a lie, mister. Who told you?' `No names, no pack drill.'” name, n. i. to have one's name in lights: to be a well-known actor and so have one's name displayed in lights outside the theatre. 1929: J. B. Priestley Good Companions ii. i. 282 “His determination to top the bill and have his name in electric lights.” 1972: Guardian 15 Jan. 8/4, “I couldn't wait to get up there with the best of them and see my name up in lights—topping the bill at the Palladium.” name, n. j. the name of the game (colloq.): the object or essence of an action, etc. 1966: Legionary (Ottawa) Oct. 36/1 “Where the knight's concerned, quality is the name of the game.” 1967: Maclean's Mag. Aug. 27/3 “And if this means running up against slum landlords, do-nothing local councils or a hostile white community—well, that's the name of the game.” 1970: G. Jackson Let. in Soledad Brother (1971) 247 “We should never make it easy for them—by relaxing—at this stage of the educational process. Examples are crucially important. Well that's the name of the game right now.” 1972: Jazz & Blues Sept. 7/3 “If I can make you feel like you want to holler on your horn then that's the name of the game man.” 1972: Times 29 Sept. 11/1 “The name of the game this week is survival.” 1973: Nature 6 July 2/1 “Call my bluff was the name of the game at last week's meeting of the International Whaling Commission.” name, n. 2. a. The particular word or words used to denote any object of thought not considered in, or not possessed of, a purely individual character. to call names: see call v. 17c. 1000: Ælfric Gen. ii. 19 “Ælc libbende nyten, swa swa Adam hit ᵹeciᵹde, swa ys hys nama.” 1175: Lamb. Hom. 115 “Ðe king bið icoren to þan þe him cuð his noma.” 1250: Gen. & Ex. 222 “Ilc kinnes beste of erðe boren,..ðor gaf adam ilc here is name.” 1374: Chaucer Boeth. iii. pr. vi. (1868) 78 “If þe name of gentilesse be referred to renoun and clernesse of linage.” 1390: Gower Conf. I. 13 “For pride of thilke astat To bere a name of a prelat.” 1470: Henry Wallace viii. 472 “Nayme off rewill on him he wald tak nayne.” 1486: Bk. St. Albans Diij, “Now foloys the naamys of all maner of hawkys.” 1527: Tindale Doctr. Treat. 116 “That which is deserved is called (if thou wilt give him his right name) hire or wages.” 1560: J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 82b, “This is in dede ye first original of the name of Protestauntes.” 1590: Sir J. Smyth Disc. Weapons 2b, “Their Ensignes also they will not call by that name, but by the name of Colours.” 1615: W. Lawson Country Housew. Gard. (1626) 18 “It is hardly possible to misse in graffing so often, if your Gardiner be worth his name.” 1634: Milton Comus 628 “He..would..shew me simples of a thousand names.” 1667: P.L. vi. 174 “Unjustly thou deprav'st it with the name Of Servitude.” 1712: Steele Spect. No. 374 1 “There is a Fault, which, tho' common, wants a Name.” 1781: Cowper Retirement 723 “Flowers by that name promiscuously we call.” 1850: Tennyson In Mem. cxi, “Thus he bore without abuse The grand old name of gentleman.” 1873: Act 36 & 37 Vict. c. 88 22 “The offence, by whatever name called, which if committed in England would be perjury.” name, n. b. A title of rank or dignity. Obs. rare. 1548: Hall Chron., Hen. V 75b, “Deprived of all honores, names, dignities and preheminences whiche he then had.” name, n. c. Gram. A noun. Obs. 1563-7: Buchanan Reform St. Andros Wks. (S.T.S.) 8 “The lawast class is for thayme that suld declin the namis, and the verbes actives, passives and anomales.” name, n. d. Arith. Denomination. Obs. rare. 1714: S. Cunn Treat. Fractions 51 “The Quote is that part of the Answer that is of that Name; then reduce the Remainder to the next inferior Name.” name, n. II. In pregnant senses, chiefly originating in Biblical uses based upon Hebrew modes of expression. name, n. 3. The name (sense 1) of God or Christ, with implication of divine nature and power inherent in it. 825: Vesp. Psalter viii. 2 “Dryhten ur, hu wundurlic is noma ðin.” 850: Lorica Prayer in O.E. Texts 174 “Daelniomende..alra ðeara goda ðe æniᵹ monn for his noman ᵹedoeð.” 971: Blickl. Hom. 103 “His noman we sceolan weorþian mid wordum & mid dædum.” 1200: Ormin 5342 “Þa shallt tu þurrh þe name off Crist Ben borrȝhenn att tin ende.” 1250: Gen. & Ex. 3497 “Tac ðu nogt in idel min name.” 1382: Wyclif Acts xxvi. 9 “Aȝens the name of Jhesu Nazarene, for to..do manye contrarie thingis.” 1430: Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 237 “Condigne laude nor comendacioun, Youe to this name ther can no tonge telle.” 1526: Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 219b, “Thy holy name is inuocate & named vpon vs.” 1560: J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 43 “They gave thankes to God yt they should suffer for the glorie of his name.” 1667: Milton P.L. iii. 412 “Hail Son of God,..thy Name Shall be the copious matter of my Song.” 1738: Wesley Hymn, Thee we adore i, “Thee we adore Eternal Name.” 1781: Cowper Truth 556 “His own glorious rights he would disclaim, And man might safely trifle with his name.” 1817: Shelley Rev. Islam x. xxvii, “Our secret pride Has scorned thee, and thy worship, and thy name.” 1850: Tennyson In Mem. xxxvi, “We yield all blessing to the name Of Him that made them current coin.” name, n. 4. a. The name of a person (or thing) with implication of the individual denoted by it. 1382: Wyclif Rev. iii. 4 “Thou hast a fewe names in Sardis, the whiche defouleden not her clothes.” a1400-50: Alexander 993 “Þare is na region ne rewme..bot it sall my name loute.” 1467-8: Rolls of Parlt. V. 574/2 “Eny Acte made for the corporation or name of the Duchie of Lancastre.” 1599: Shakes. Hen. V, ii. iv. 56 “By the hand Of that black Name, Edward, black Prince of Wales.” 1662: Stillingfl. Orig. Sacræ i. iv. 11 “Unless this might be any plea for his ignorance,..that he had so many great names after him guilty of the same.” 1700: Dryden Pal. & Arc. ii. 504 “There Samson was, with wiser Solomon, And all the mighty names by love undone.” 1781: Cowper Conversat. 828 “Echo learns politely to repeat The praise of names for ages obsolete.” 1849-50: Alison Hist. Eur. V. xxix. 208 “Names since immortalised in the rolls of fame were..assembled..at the Tuileries.” name, n. b. The name (sense 1) of a person or group of persons, with implication of all the individuals bearing, or comprehended under, it; those having a certain name; hence, a family, clan, people. 1382: Wyclif Isa. lxvi. 22 “As newe heuenus and newe erthe.. so stonde shal ȝoure sed, and ȝoure name.” 1559: in Froude Hist. Eng. (1863) VIII. 3 “Whose blood they once shed, they lightly never cease killing all that name.” 1588: Shakes. Tit. A. ii. iii. 183 “Ah beastly creature, The blot and enemy to our generall name.” 1601: All's Well i. iii. 162, “I am from humble, he from honored name.” 1667: Milton P.L. ix. 142 “Since I in one Night freed..welnigh half Th' Angelic Name.” 1690: Lond. Gaz. No. 2575/3 “Three of the Heads of Clans, or Chiefs of a Name, are come in and submitted to him.” 1781: Cowper Expost. 170 “The favours poured upon the Jewish name.” 1817: Shelley Pr. Athan. i. 30 “Of an ancestral name the orphan chief.” 1849: Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 547 “All the clans hostile to the name of Campbell were set in motion.” name, n. 5. a. The name (sense 1) of a person as mentioned by others with admiration or commendation; hence, the fame or reputation involved in a well-known name. to have one's name up, to be much spoken of. 1320: Sir Tristr. 22 “Of a kniȝt is þat y mene, His name it sprong wel wide.” 1375: Sc. Leg. Saints xl. (Ninian) 479 “Of þe bischope þe nam ran sa in al þe land to and fra.” 1425: Cursor M. 12633 (Trin.), “Fro þenne of ihesu sprong þe nome.” 1603: Shakes. Meas. for M. ii. iv. 155 “My vnsoild name, th' austeerenesse of my life.” 1784: Cowper Task vi. 101 “Some to the fascination of a name Surrender judgment hoodwinked.” 1789: Loiterer No. 43. 4 “The ill effects of possessing an extensive reputation, or as an old English Phrase expresses it, having one's name up.” 1809: Malkin Gil Blas viii. x. 1 “When once my name was up for a man after the Duke of Lerma's own heart, I had very soon my court about me.” 1859: Tennyson Vivien 681 “If they find Some stain or blemish in a name of note.” name, n. b. of no name, without (a) name, implying obscurity and unimportance. 1611: Bible Job xxx. 8 “They were children of fooles, yea children of base men [marg. men of no name].” 1671: Milton Samson 677 “Nor do I name of men the common rout,..Heads without name no more rememberd.” 1697: Dryden Æneid vi. 1055 “These shall then be Towns of mighty Fame; Tho' now they lye obscure; and Lands without a Name.” 1821: Shelley False Laurel & True 7 “One of the crowd thou art without a name.” name, n. c. A famous or notorious person, a celebrity; one whose name is well known. Also attrib. or as adj., and in extended use, of a well-known group of people, esp. a jazz band (see name band below). 1611: Bible Ezek. xxiii. 10 “She became famous [marg. a name] among women.” 1826: Disraeli Viv. Grey iii. vii, “Dr. Spix is a most excellent man, a most accurate traveller, quite a name.” 1842: Tennyson Ulysses 11, “I am become a name; For always roaming..Much have I seen and known.” 1936: Variety 17 June 32/1 “The greatest `names' in the industry, including the cream of its players.” 1941: Sun (Baltimore) 28 July 11/5 “Virtually all of the name horses in the land will be on the scene for the thirty-day meeting.” 1943: Ibid. 14 Aug. 7/5 “At least ten `name' players, fellows like Gene Sarazen and Craig Wood and Byron Nelson and Walter Hagen, have assured Corcoran that they'd be available.” 1945: L. Shelly Jive Talk Dict. 15/1 “Name,..most popular band at the moment.” 1947: Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 11 Oct. 53/1 “The growing group of record makers who..turn..to the reservoir of fine performing talent that..lie outside the galaxy of first-rank star names.” 1955: J. Betjeman in R. S. Thomas Song at Year's Turning 12 “His publisher believed that a `name' was needed to help sell the book.” 1960: 20th Cent. Apr. 342 “A big factor in the sale of the more popular `name' records is the personality cult.” 1972: Times 12 Dec. 2/6 “RIBA circles..had feared that the former Secretary of State, Mr. Walker, would appoint a `name' with glamour to a post where he would have had little real authority or influence.” 1973: Black World Jan. 28/2 “He has concerned himself with the promotional affairs of several `name' theaters in the Cleveland area.” 1973: Times 6 Feb. 7/3 “There is a narrowing of the opportunities for `name' designers (couture tailors).” 1974: Times Lit. Suppl. 18 Jan. 50/3 “Professor Eliade is what publishers like to call a `name', and you cannot ignore him.” name, n. d. An underwriter at Lloyd's. 1885: G. van de Linde Chartered Accountants' Students' Soc. Lect. Biogr. Lloyd's Policy 10 “The respective partners of Blank & Co.,..head the policy by underwriting it to the extent of £10,000 between them, each name being respectively responsible for the amount against the signature.” 1928: Wright & Fayle Hist. Lloyd's xxiii. 422 “Let us consider the career of an underwriting `Name', that is an Underwriting Member of Lloyd's represented by an Agent.” 1937: R. Straus Lloyd's xi. 257 “Marine underwriters..offered themselves as `Names' to those Underwriting Agents who specialised in non-marine risks.” 1972: G. Lyall Blame the Dead iv. 23 “He's a Name.” 1973: Daily Tel. 16 Oct. 3/7 “Discussing evidence given earlier by her father, Dr Dugdale said he was a `name' several times over at Lloyd's, concerned in shipping and aircraft insurance. He made her a `name' ensuring her a great deal of capital and a very high income.” name, n. 6. a. The reputation of some character or attribute. Also const. with inf., and ellipt. (quot. 1727). 1300: Cursor M. 17472 “Of men þai wan schenschip and schame, And of þar leute tint þe name.” 1303: R. Brunne Handl. Synne 6842 “Of large almes men ȝaue hym name.” 1418: Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 245 “If hym lust to have a name Of pelour under ipocrasie.” 1456: Paston Lett. I. 383 “Consideryng the goode nome and fame of trouth..the which I here of you.” 1530: Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Brit. 283 “Ye have the name to be the..gentyllest of hearte of any lady now lyvynge.” 1581: G. Pettie tr. Guazzo's Civ. Conv. i. (1586) 42b, “There are diuerse which thinke to get the name of pleasant conceited fellowes.” 1601: Holland Pliny x. li. I. 297 “He would have the name to eat the resemblers of mans voice.” 1625: Bacon Ess., Simulation 2 “The ablest Men..haue had..a name of Certainty, and Veracity.” 1727: A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. II. xxxiii. 16 “The Name that it got..stuck so fast to it, that none of it would go off at any Price.” 1814: Nicholson Country Lass i. Wks. (1897) 41 “Sic beauty, and the name o' siller, Gart wooers flock.” 1894: Law Times XCVII. 384/1 “No profession will lightly earn for itself the name of a profession of hireling subornees of perjury.” name, n. b. With a and adj. A fame or reputation of a specified kind. 1382: Wyclif 2 Sam. vii. 9, “I made to thee a greet name.” 1382: Prov. xxii. 1 “Better is a good name, than manye richessis.” 1430: Babees Bk. 42 note, “A good name menny folde ys more worthe then golde.” 1500-20: Dunbar Poems lxxxii. 70 “Keip ordour..That ȝe may gett ane bettir name.” 1546: [see ill a. 1c]. 1599: Shakes. Much Ado iii. i. 98 “He hath an excellent good name.” 1625: Bacon Ess., Riches (Arb.) 237 “A good Name, for good and faire dealing.” 1674: Clarendon Hist. Reb. viii. (J.), “The king's army..had left no good name behind.” 1738: Swift Let. to Pope 8 Aug., “I have an ill name in the Post-office of both Kingdoms.” 1784: Cowper Task ii. 759 “Such expense..buys the boy a name, That sits a stigma on his father's house.” 1818: [see dog n. 1 15h]. 1845: S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. III. 473 “If he were victorious, he would..bequeath a great name to posterity.” name, n. c. (Usually in phr. to get or make (oneself) a name.) A distinguished name; a reputation. 1382: Wyclif 2 Sam. viii. 13 “Forsothe Dauid made to hym a name, whanne he turnyde aȝen.” 1407: Lydgate Reas. & Sens. 5832 “This mayde..Had a name and dyde excelle To pleyen at this noble play.” 1509: Barclay Shyp of Folys (1874) II. 101 “By cruell delynge he must hym get a name.” 1535: Coverdale Zeph. iii. 20, “I wil get you a name..amonge all people of the earth.” 1603: Shakes. Meas. for M. i. ii. 173 “This new Gouernor..for a name Now puts the..Act Freshly on me: 'tis surely for a name.” 1667: Milton P.L. xii. 45 “They cast to build A Citie..And get themselves a name.” 1853: Lytton My Novel vi. xviii, “Tell her that I am nameless, and will yet make a name.” 1884: W. C. Smith Kildrostan 48 “When you make yourself a name, As I am sure you will do.” name, n. d. to bear or carry the name, to have a reputation. Obs. 1470-85: Malory Arthur xii. ix. 605 “There is none that bereth the name now but ye and syr Tristram.” 1572: Schole-house Wom. in Hazl. E.P.P. IV. 138 “So they may be trimmed and fed of the best, They haue no remorce who beareth the name.” 1601: Holland Pliny ix. xvii. I. 245 “Our auncestours set more store by the Sturgeon, and it carried the name above all other fishes.” name, n. 7. a. Without article: Repute, reputation, fame, distinction. Now rare. 1375: Leg. Rood 124 “[He] euill angerd was Þat þis cristen king had name More þan he.” 1382: Wyclif Zeph. iii. 20 “Y shal ȝeue ȝou in to name, and in to herying to alle peplis of erthe.” 1430: How Gd. Wif 75 in Hazl. E.P.P. I. 185 “Gode name is golde worthe, my leue childe.” 1477: Caxton Jason 33 “My desir restith in two singuler thinges; that one is for to conquere name in armes.” 1530: Palsgr. 247/2 “Name, renom.” 1597: Morley Introd. Mus. Pref., “Not so much seeking thereby any name or glorie.” 1601: Holland Pliny I. 419 “Yea, and after that, the Falern wines were in name and called for.” 1605: Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. xxiii. 5 “Senators that had name and opinion for general wise men.” 1859: Tennyson Vivien 63 “He lay as dead And lost to life and use and name and fame.” name, n. b. of (great, etc.) name, noted, distinguished, famous. Now usually with adj. 1380: Wyclif Wks. (1880) 2 “The firste two [sects] weren grete men of name and hauynge.” 1415: Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 126 “Lordes of name an hunderde and mo Bitterly that bargayn bowght.” 1548: Hall Chron., Hen. VII 23b, “The cytie..conteyned an hundred and fifty thousand houses of name.” 1577-87: Holinshed Chron. I. 152/1 “Of the English side, there died two dukes..with sundrie other men of name.” 1625: Bacon Ess., Travel (Arb.) 523 “Eminent Persons..which are of great Name abroad.” 1699: T. Baker Refl. Learning xiii. 160 “In this kind Bartolus is of great name; whose Authority is..valu'd..amongst the Modern Lawyers.” 1782: Cowper Friendship 85 “Hence authors of illustrious name..Are sadly prone to quarrel.” 1816: Keatinge Trav. (1817) I. 33 “Although the military architect may be one of high name.” 1857: Church Misc. Writ. (1891) I. 16 “It would be difficult, perhaps, to mention a writer of name who has more [faults].” name, n. 8. One's repute or reputation, etc.; esp. one's (good) name. 1300: Cursor M. 28165 “For his..welth, his wytt, and his god name.” 1385: Chaucer L.G.W. 1811 Lucrece, “Thus thou shalt be ded & also lese Thyn name.” 1450: St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 102 “Gyfe he did, he lost his name.” 1500-20: Dunbar Poems liv. 22 “Quhai in felde receawes schame, And tynis thair his knychtlie name.” 1526: Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 103b, “Defame hym, that is to saye, take his good name from hym.” 1596: Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, v. iv. 70 “Would to heauen, Thy name in Armes, were now as great as mine.” 1665: Boyle Occas. Refl. 5 “Companies, where sometimes he may lose his good Name.” 1705: tr. Bosman's Guinea 17 “If the same Care was taken..Guinea would soon lose its dreadful mortal Name.” 1781: Cowper Charity 453 “Flavia, most tender of her own good name.” 1834: Medwin Angler in Wales II. 297 “Daily, hourly came Fresh followers, lured by his success and name.” 1859-64: Tennyson Grandmother 50, “I love you so well that your good name is mine.” 1874: Manning Ess. Ser. iii. 26 “For the fair name of England, they are being blotted out of our history.” name, n. 9. a. The mere appellation in contrast or opposition to the actual person or thing; reputation without correspondence in fact. Also at name, nominally, professedly; in name only, only in name: of a marriage without sexual relations. 1382: Wyclif Ecclus. xxxvii. 1 “Ther is a frend, bi only name a frend.” Rev. iii. 1 “Thou hast name, that thou lyuest, and thou art deed.” 1483: Caxton Gold. Leg. 197/1 “The holy vyrgyne..wente to the sayne for to goo fetche at name somme vytaylles.” 1601: Shakes. All's Well v. iii. 309 “Tis but the shadow of a wife you see, The name, and not the thing.” 1666-7: Stillingfl. Serm. Prov. xiv. 9 (1673) 29 “Religion becomes but a meer name.” 1727: Gay Fables, Hare & Many Friends, “Friendship, like love, is but a name, Unless to one you stint the flame.” 1784: Cowper Tiroc. 421 “Well he plays his part, Christian in name, and infidel in heart.” 1817: Jas. Mill Brit. India II. v. viii. 661 “He well knew, that in the circumstances,..a pension..little or nothing differed from a name.” 1851: Mayhew Lond. Labour I. 385 “It has the name of being eighteen yards.” 1867: E. Quincy in Life Josiah Quincy 481 “The Law School, though in existence..had but a name to live.” 1888: Green's Short Hist. viii. 8. 571 “The expulsion of the majority of the existing House reduced the Commons to a name.” 1894: W. J. Locke At Gate of Samaria (1895) xxi. 245 “Henceforward Thornton would be her husband only in name.” 1972: A. Roudybush Sybarite Death (1974) xxi. 173, “I married her..but it never even occurred to me that our marriage would be other than a marriage in name only.” 1975: R. Player Let's talk of Graves ii. 60 “She had hated her husband and been his wife only in name.” name, n. b. in all but name: of a situation or set of circumstances, existing but not officially acknowledged or recognized. 1934: J. E. Neale Queen Elizabeth xv. 251 “In all but name the Papacy was at war with Elizabeth.” name, n. III. In prepositional phrases. name, n. 10. by name: name, n. a. Used with verbs of naming or calling, or (in later use) simply added to the proper appellation of a person, etc. 900: Cynewulf Elene 755 “Syndon tu on þam..þe man Seraphin be naman hateð.” 1000: O.E. Chron. an. 975 “Þone..hatað wide cometa be naman cræftgleawe men.” 1200: Ormin 1828 “Summ we findenn o þe boc Enngell bi name nemmnedd.” 1220: Bestiary 38 “Ðat defte meiden, Marie bi name.” 1382: Wyclif 1 Sam. xvii. 23 “That bastard man, Goliath bi name.” 1425: Cursor M. 7370 (Trin.), “Dauid he hette bi his name.” 1590: Shakes. Mids. N. v. i. 157 “It doth befall, That I, one Snowt (by name) present a wall.” 1667: Milton P.L. vii. 536 “Wherever thus created, for no place Is yet distinct by name.” 1711: Addison Spect. No. 98 3 “A famous Monk, Thomas Conecte by Name.” a1832: Scott in Lockhart Life (1900) I. 240 “The last of my chargers..was a high-spirited..one, by name Daisy.” name, n. b. With verbs of calling upon, summoning, enumerating, or mentioning; or in enumeration of individuals. 900: Judith 81 “Heo..ongan ða sweᵹles Weard be naman nemnan.” 1000: Ags. Gosp. John x. 3 “Þa sceap ᵹehyrað his stefne, & he nemð his aᵹene sceap be naman.” 1122: O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 656 “Ðet wæron be nam Ithamar biscop of Rofecestre [etc.].” 1300: Cursor M. 7388 “His suns sex,..All he did þam call be nam.” 1393: Langl. P. Pl. C. ii. 4 “A loueliche lady..Cam down fro þat castel and calde me by name.” 1400: Destr. Troy 37 “Amonge þat menye,—to myn hym be nome,—Homer was holden haithill of dedis.” 1431: in Eng. Gilds (1870) 276 “First, ye Aldirman schal clepene vpe ij. men be name.” 1606: Shakes. Tr. & Cr. i. ii. 199 “Ile tel yu them all by their names.” 1667: Milton P.L. x. 649 “The Creator calling forth by name His mightie Angels gave them several charge.” 1738: Pope Epil. Sat. ii. 10 “None but you by Name the guilty lash.” 1848: Thackeray Van. Fair xlii, “She forgot to send any message of kindness to Lady O'Dowd.., and did not mention Glorvina by name.” name, n. c. Used to direct special attention to something mentioned; hence, especially, particularly. Obs. Cf. namely adv. 1. 1583: Babington Commandm. (1590) 370 “Wee will neuer, I feare, see the mischiefe of playing, and by name of Dicing.” 1626: Bacon Sylva 666 “It is strange..that Dust helpeth the fruitfulness of Trees, and of Vines by name.” 1660: Sharrock Vegetables 27 “The seeds of divers Sowbreads, by name the Roman,..doe the like.” name, n. d. With know. name, n. (a) Individually. name, n. (b) By repute only; not personally or actually. 1382: Wyclif Exod. xxxiii. 17 “Thi silf Y haue knowe bi name.” 1667: Milton P.L. xii. 577 “Though all the Starrs Thou knewst by name.” 1795-1814: Wordsw. Excurs. iv. 1226 “Abhorrence and contempt are things He only knows by name.” 1864: Cornh. Mag. X. 175 “Sovereigns whom their subjects scarcely knew save by name.” name, n. 11. in one's name, in the name of one: name, n. a. In phrases expressing invocation of, reliance upon, or devotion to, the persons of the Godhead. 900: Cynewulf Christ 413 “Þu ᵹebletsad leofa, þe in Dryhtnes noman duᵹeþum cwome.” 950: Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxviii. 19 “Fuluande hia in noma fadores & sunu & halᵹes gastes.” 971: Blickl. Hom. 141 “Hie on þinum noman wunnon.” 1200: Ormin 16813 “He ne wass nohht ȝet O Cristess name fullhtnedd.” 1225: Leg. Kath. 1442 “Feole..þoleden anan deað i þe nome of drihtin.” 1300: Cursor M. 266 “Now o þis proloug wil we blin In crist nam our bok begin.” 1315: Shoreham i. 248 “Ich cristni þe ine þe uader name, And sone, and holy gostes.” 1382: Wyclif Matt. xviii. 20 “Where two or three shulen be gedrid in my name.” 1413: E.E. Wills (1882) 21 “In the name of god, Amen... I, Richard Ȝonge [etc.].” 1534: More Comf. agst. Trib. i. Wks. 1164/1 “That in the name of Jesus euery knee bee bowed.” 1596: Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, iii. ii. 153 “This, in the Name of Heauen, I promise here.” 1738: Wesley Ps. vi. v, “Or in the Name of Jesus, chase My Troublers all away.” name, n. b. In adjurations, orig. by solemn reference to God, Christ, or the saints, but latterly with various substitutions for the names of these, the phrase freq. becoming a mere ejaculation. For examples of a God's name, see a prep. 1 10. 831: Charter 39 in O.E. Texts 446 “Ic..bebiade eadwealde..an godes naman & an ealra his haliᵹra ðet [etc.].” 900: Durham Admon. Ibid. 176 “Ic eow halsiᵹe on fæder naman & on suna naman.” 1205: Lay. 10136 “Luces þe king..beð hine on godes nomen þat him god uðe.” 1300: Cursor M. 11915 “Vnto your kyth, on godds nam, I bidd yow þat yee nu wend ham.” 1362: Langl. P. Pl. A. i. 71, “[I] halsede hire in heiȝe nome er heo theonne ȝeode, What heo weore witerly.” 1440: Alph. Tales 264 “In þe Name, speke, þou yong childe, & tell if þis dekyn did þis trispas!” 1470-85: Malory Arthur vii. viii. 224 “In the deuyls name sayd the damoysel that suche a bawdy kechen knaue [etc.].” 1595: Shakes. John ii. i. 106 “In the name of God How comes it then that thou art call'd a King?” 1611: Wint. T. iii. iii. 105 “Name of mercy, when was this, boy?” 1626: Massinger Roman Actor iv. ii, “In the name of wonder, What's Cæsar's purpose?” 1642: [see goodness 5]. 1722: De Foe Plague (1884) 85 “'Name of God go in.” 1740: J. Clarke Educ. Youth (ed. 3) 16 “In the Name of Wisdom, what is the Meaning?” 1819: Shelley Cenci iv. i. 128 “Earth, in the name of God, let her food be poison.” 1861: Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. ix, “What in the name of fortune have they been doing to you?” 1875: Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 212 “What, in the name of goodness, do you come hither to teach?” name, n. c. Denoting the use of another's name to give authority or countenance to one's acts; or implying that the action is done on account or on behalf of some other person or persons. Hence, by contrast to this, in one's own name. 1388: Wyclif 1 Kings xxi. 8 “Therefor sche wroot lettris in the name of Achab.” 1405: Rolls of Parlt. III. 605/2 “To fulfill all maner accordez..made..be..our Attournees, or be twa of them in oure name.” 1444: Ibid. V. 108/2 “To sue an Action of dette in his owne name.” 1523: Ld. Berners Froiss. I. 745 “Ther was a cry made, in the kynges name, on payne of dethe [etc.].” 1548: Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 64b, “Sir Thomas More made a brief oracion in the name of the citee.” 1631: Gouge God's Arrows v. Ded. 406 “You who in the name of the rest were Solliciters in this business.” 1686: tr. Chardin's Trav. Persia 13 “The Envoy, having the Grand Vizier's word in the Name of his Highness, return'd to Genoa.” 1754: Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. i. 2 “St. Peter, in the Name of all made answer, Lord, to whom shall we go?” 1818: Cruise Digest (ed. 2) II. 397 “That the plaintiff could have no remedy at law, either in his own name, or in the names of the trustees.” 1849: Macaulay Hist. Eng. vi. II. 17 “A speech which the Bishop of Valence, in the name of the Gallican clergy, addressed..to Lewis the Fourteenth.” 1891: Law Times Rep. LXIII. 765/1 “The defendants were liable as principals, as they had contracted in their own names.” name, n. d. = Under the character or designation of (some person or thing). Now rare or Obs. 1382: Wyclif Matt. x. 41 “He that resceyueth a prophete in the name of a prophete.” 1400: Mandeville (1839) xv. 170 “Thei brennen his Body in name of Penance.” 1464: Rolls of Parlt. V. 560/1 “[They] shall pay..cs in name of a payne.” 1467-8: Ibid. 581/2 “To have to hir for terme of hir life, in name of her Dower.” 1548: Hooper Declar. Commandm. ix. Wks. (1843) 372 “To lose his head, in the name of a pain.” 1598: Shakes. Merry W. iii. v. 101 “To carry mee in the name of foule Cloathes to Datchet-lane.” 1611: Wint. T. iii. ii. 61 “Which comes to me in name of Fault.” 1642: tr. Perkins' Prof. Bk. iii. 209. 64 “To deliver.. the deed unto the feoffee in the name of seisin of the same land.” 1796: Southey Lett. fr. Spain (1799) 418 “These men lay the people under contribution in the name of alms.” name, n. e. Indicating the assigned ownership of a thing. 1850: Punch XVIII. 91 “If a box of cigars has not been left here in the name of Adam Simpleton?” 1888: Law Times LXXXV. 120/2 “A sum of consols standing in the name of J. K.,..deceased.” name, n. 12. in name with, mentioned in connexion with (one of the other sex). Obs. rare. 1565-73: Durham Depos. (Surtees) 256 “Being at borde at the said Agnes house, then wedoo, and was in name with hir.” 1575-6: Ibid. 284 “She was then in name with one Francis Castell.” name, n. 13. a. by the name of, called or known by, having, the name of. Now colloq. and U.S. 1676: Life Father Sarpi in Brent's Counc. Trent 42 “A Nephew of his by the name of Maestro Santo.” 1725: Berkeley Proposal Wks. 1871 III. 230 “A Charter for erecting a College by the name of St. Paul's College in Bermuda.” 1841: Thackeray Second Funeral Napoleon 3 “A grocer living there by the name of Greenacre.” 1883: Cable Old Creole Days 35 “A palish handsome woman, by the name—or going by the name—of Madame John.” 1884: J. Quincy Figures of Past 130 “There was a captain by the name of Clark.” name, n. b. So of the name of. 1727-8: Pope Let. to Swift 23 Mar., “A member of their Parliament, of the name of Jonathan Gulliver.” 1843: Richardson's Borderer's Table-bk. Leg. Div. I. 116 “A little crouse, chantin chieldie o' the name o' Tom Fenwick.” name, n. 14. to one's name, belonging to one. 1876: G. J. Whyte-Melville Katerfelto vii, “I have not a horse to my name.” name, n. IV. 15. attrib. and Comb., as name-fancy, -sound; name-calling, -cleping, -giving; name-giver, -maker; name-worthy adj.; `bearing a name', as name-board, -card, -label, -plate, -ribbon, -ring, -tab, -ticket; `well-known', of or pertaining to a name (sense 5 or 7), as name brand, -worthy adj.; `containing or intended for names', as name-book, -scroll; `named after, or giving a name to, one', as name-daughter, -father, -flower, -mamma, -saint, -sire (cf. name-child, -son); in Logic, as name-forming, -matrix, -relation, -variable; in Linguistics: consisting of or pertaining to a proper name, as name-element, -form, -giving, -group, -lore, -stem, -system; name-act, a cabaret act performed by well-known performers; name band, a jazz or dance band that has made a name for itself; hence name bandleader; name-bar (see quot.); name-calling vbl. n., abusive language, mere abuse; hence name-call v.; name-device, a rebus; name-dropping vbl. n., familiar mention of the names of distinguished people in order to imply one's own importance; also attrib.; hence (as a back-formation) name-drop v., name-dropper; name-droppingly adv.; name-part, the part in a play from which it takes its name; also of a book, a ballet, etc.; name-piece = name-poem, name-story; name-plate, a metal plate bearing a name; spec. one attached to a piece of machinery, or displaying the name of a road or building; also attrib. and fig.; also as v.; name-poem, the poem from which a volume of collected poems is named; name-story, the story from which a volume of collected short stories is named; name-tag, anything on which a name can be written, to identify the person or object to which it is fixed; name-tape, a piece of tape with a person's name woven into it or printed on it, fixed to a person's clothing for identification; hence name-taped ppl. a.; name-wizard, one skilled in the mystical meaning of names. 1942: Berrey & Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang 590/15 “*Name act, an act consisting of well-known players.” 1949: L. Feather Inside Be-Bop iii. 21 “The Berry Brothers and several other name acts.” 1967: Stage 2 Mar. 21/4 (Advt.), “Top groups required for one night stands. Name acts for winter season cabaret.” 1936: Amer. Mercury XXXVIII. p.x/1 “*Name band, a band that has gotten the breaks (whether they're good or not).” 1938: Sat. Even. Post 2 Apr. 9/1 “We are to have an orchestra—`a name-band by all means'.” 1955: L. Feather Encycl. Jazz (1956) 122 “His son..is also a drummer, heard w[ith] Erskine Hawkins and other name bands including Count Basie, '55.” 1963: Globe & Mail (Toronto) 8 Jan. 5/1 “Although its popularity declined with the passing of the name bands, Toronto's Palace Pier was still a busy, and apparently profitable operation until yesterday.” 1958: P. Gammond Decca Bk. Jazz xix. 236 “The year 1951 saw the return to Britain of pre-war `*name' bandleader, Roy Fox.” 1884: F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 180 “*Name Bar,..the bar carrying the upper end of a watch barrel arbor.” 1846: Young Naut. Dict. s.v. Arch-board, “On this, or more commonly on a board called the *name-board, fitted above it, the ship's name is painted.” 1939: Auden & Isherwood Journey to War v. 121 “On our left was a little station: we read its name-board, Ling Pao.” 1955: J. Cope Fair House i. 24 “The turn-off to the Boer farm was a gap in the bush at the roadside, no gate or fence or name-board.” 1867: Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 491 “*Name-Book, a mustering list.” 1886: Kipling Departm. Ditties, etc. (1899) 101 “He keeps the Name Book.” 1944: Time 7 Aug. 38/2 “Five times in five minutes the cigaret-counter girl at a Walgreen store in Chicago repeated wearily, `We have no *name brands.'” 1853: Dickens Nobody's Story in Househ. Words Extra Christmas No. 35/2 “Such *name-calling and dirt-throwing.” 1891: Tablet 10 Jan. 63 “The most hopeless of all is that of name-calling.” 1947: Amer. Speech XXII. 231/1 “Namecalling, the attempt to put a person or thing in a bad light by attaching to him or it a word with unpleasant connotations.” 1965: G. Jackson Let. 16 Mar. in Soledad Brother (1971) 69, “I have been subjected to the ordeal of hunger, thirst, name-calling, and other uncountable indignities.” 1973: J. Rossiter Manipulators v. 51 “Perhaps..you've been name-calling somebody. And they didn't like it.” 1973: R. Ludlum Matlock Paper xxvi. 222, “I don't want to be responsible for indiscriminate name-calling, any wide-spread panic.” 1975: Verbatim Feb. 4/1 “The argument is a little uneven, for here it delivers a polemic against name-calling, there against grammar.” 1798: F. Burney Diary VI. 202 “Captain Dickenson, as his *name-card says.” 1828: P. Cunningham N.S. Wales (ed. 3) II. 112 “The name-cards are elegantly printed by our colonial press.” 1907: Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 361/2 (Advt.), “Menu and name cards.” 1925: W. J. Locke Great Pandolfo ii. 23 “The beautiful lady whose name he had not caught, because, in abstraction, she had turned her name card maddeningly upside down, took little or no interest in him.” 1969: A. Cade Turn up Stone i. 25 “Michael's experience in the Middle East had taught him the importance of the exchange of name cards in many countries. A man without a card was a man without an identity.” 1387-8: T. Usk Test. Love iii. i. (Skeat) l. 102 “In that denominacion I wol me acorde to other mens tonges, in that *name-cleping.” 1809: Grant Lett. fr. Mountains III. 212 “My eldest girl is now staying here, and your *name-daughter with Duncan at the Fort.” 1891: R. L. Stevenson Let. Nov. (1899) II. 241, “I shal begin to despair of everything but my name-daughter.” 1631: Weever Anc. Funeral Mon. 277 “An vsual fashion in former times..which they call rebus, or *name-deuises.” 1955: J. D. Salinger Franny & Zooey (1962) 25 “There's an unwritten law that people in a certain social or financial bracket can *name-drop as much as they like just as long as they say something terribly disparaging about the person as soon as they've dropped his name.” 1959: I. Ross Image Merchants (1960) v. 94 “Newsom does not even have to name-drop. The PR man who can avoid that indulgence has truly arrived.” 1969: Daily Tel. 22 Aug. 18/3 “Mr Walters can name-drop better than most when it comes to generals and film stars.” 1947: San Francisco Examiner (Pict. Rev.) 7 Sept., “Our newest menace. The *name dropper.” 1959: Woman's Own 24 Jan. 31/1 “One of my favourite snobs—the name-dropper.” 1972: H. Kemelman Monday the Rabbi took Off xii. 84 “He would be likely to point out important people to his son—the wife of the British consul, the American first secretary. He was no name-dropper, but he wanted so much to have his son think well of him.” 1950: M. McCarthy On Contrary (1962) 186 “The idea that it's smart to be in step, to be liberal or avant-garde, is conveyed through the *name-dropping of a Leo Lerman in Mademoiselle.” 1951: L. Z. Hobson Celebrity (1953) viii. 119 “Rex Stout and Oscar Hammerstein... Conversational spice, he had been thinking; nobody could call it name-dropping.” 1966: Philos. XLI. 359 “Plus a wordy, name-dropping Introduction.” 1973: Times 7 Feb. 4/5 (heading) “Solicitors appalled by `name-dropping' in courts.” 1966: Guardian 30 Dec. 4/8 “He becomes absorbed (*name droppingly so) into the ranks of the literati.” 1922: E. Ekwall Place-Names Lancs. 62 “It is probably a Scand. name..as Brand is hardly with certainty evidenced as an O.E. *name-element.” 1932: E. Weekley Words & Names ix. 134 “From the name-element mun, thought, etc., were formed a number of names.” 1937: Harvard Univ. Summaries Ph.D. Theses 272 “The deuterotheme..is by far the more stable name-element in the late Germanic period.” 1951: Traditio VII. 411 “The second theme, -ferth..is obviously a metathesized form of frith (peace) which occurs in many Germanic names both as a first and second name element.” 1865: Lubbock Preh. Times 471 “In some tribes these *name-fancies take a different form.” 1748: Richardson Clarissa IV. 5 “Knowest thou not, that I am a great *name-father?” 1894: Hall Caine Manxman vi. iv, “Go to your god-father. He'd have been your name-father too if [etc.].” 1907: A. Quiller-Couch Major Vigoureux ii. 20 “Glorious trumpet daffodils!..Major [Narcisse] Vigoureux delighted in them. Were they not his *name-flower?” 1927: Observer 24 Apr. 15 “Marigold, its heroine, has the unaffected charm of her name-flower.” 1946: B. Bloch in Language XXII. 208 “The non-past indicative form of a verb, an adjective, or the copula serves as the *name form, used to refer collectively to all the members of a paradigm.” 1951: Trager & Smith Outl. Eng. Struct. 60 “The uninflected or name-form is the base.” 1970: English Studies LI. 445 “The name-forms are arranged under OE phonemes. Thus under OE ā we find head-words like āc, brād, rāp.” 1955: H. Leblanc Introd. Deductive Logic 2 “Semiotic quotes..are a *name-forming operator.” 1956: J. H. Woodger tr. Tarski's Logic, Semantics, Metamath. 161 “Quotation marks provide an example of a name-forming functor with one sentence argument.” 1957: A. N. Prior Time & Modality 119 “Our x's are given..by means of a name-forming operator on intervals.” 1610: Holland Camden's Brit. i. 7 “Why the Britains should so much sticke unto their Brutus, as the *name-giuer of their Iland.” 1881: A. J. Evans in Macm. Mag. XLIII. 219 “A great city,..the namegiver of this whole inland sea.” 1863: A. B. Grosart Small Sins (ed. 2) 74 “The insidious *name-giving to any sins of `small sins'.” 1864: Max MÜller Sci. Lang. Ser. ii. viii. (1868) 336 “Locke never seems to have realised the intricacies of the names-giving process.” 1898: E. Clodd Tom Tit Tot vi. 75 “Mungo Park thus describes the name-giving ceremony among the Mandingo people.” 1940: A. H. Gardiner Theory of Proper Names vi. 20 “Certain name-givings..do not give rise to proper names.” 1970: G. R. Stewart Amer. Place-Names p. xii, “European scholars rarely concern themselves with the process of name-giving or its motives.” 1950: H. L. Lorimer Homer & Monuments iv. 125 “Apart from the negative evidence of the Pylos tablets, there is the fact..that certain series of signs in both groups form *name-groups which also occur at Knossos in the Palace script.” 1963: English Studies XLIV. 32 “Large name-groups with end-variation, e.g. Cēolwald, -helm, -bald, -ward, etc.” 1910: Westm. Gaz. 14 Mar. 11/2 “Affixing red *name-labels to their seats in the Council Chamber.” 1928: D. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterley iv. 36 “I'd be ashamed to see a woman walking round with my name-label on her.” 1924: Daughter of C. Patmore iii. 36 “At one time she is deep in heraldry and *name-lore.” 1932: E. Weekley Words & Names vii. 82 “One of the puzzles of name-lore is the process by which the French name Jacques..was early confused with Jankin or Jenkin.” 1875: Whitney Life Lang. viii. 136 “The claims of rival *name-makers are very sharply discussed.” 1893: Stevenson Catriona 370 “That very fine great lady that is Barbara's *name-mamma.” 1940: W. V. Quine Math. Logic iii. 152 “Such expressions might be classed as *name matrices, for they are related to names as statement matrices are related to statements.” 1894: Westm. Gaz. 11 Sept. 3/3 “It had been intended..that Miss Letty Lind should take the *name part.” 1936: Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Jan. 73/2 “But Reid, after all, is in the `name-part'.” 1961: Times 5 Apr. 13/6 “With Dame Margot Fonteyn in a memorable account of the name-part [of Giselle].” 1924: Glasgow Herald 24 Apr. 4 “The *name-piece of the volume is a genealogical..account of this branch of the..family.” 1882: Ogilvie, “*Nameplate, a metal plate bearing a person's name [etc.].” 1896: Brit. & For. Bible Soc. Rep. 156 “Family Bible... With autograph and name-plate.” 1904: Electr. Rev. 3 Sept. 327 “The committee recommends that the ratings of generators and motors, except traction motors, be marked plainly on the name-plate. Two types of service are recommended, continuous working and intermittent working, and the name-plate must state to which service it relates.” 1908: [see finger-post v.]. 1967: Gloss. Terms Builders' Hardware (B.S.I.) iv. 17 “Name plate, a plate..bearing one or more words fixed to a door, gate or cupboard..to convey information concerning contents, premises, business, profession or individuals.” 1971: M. Tak Truck Talk 110 “Nameplate finders, cab-mounted spotlights used to find an address on a building at night.” 1972: Village Voice (N.Y.) 1 June 20/2 “Fiction writers..start getting asked to do book reviews and being invited to name-plate cocktail parties.” 1958: Blunden War Poets 29 “The *name-poem is one of the great achievements.” 1956: R. Carnap Meaning & Necessity (ed. 2) iii. 96 “The method of the *name-relation is an alternative method of semantical analysis, more customary than the method of extension and intension.” 1905: Daily Chron. 23 Feb. 6/5 “*Name-ribbons may have to be changed.” 1877: W. Jones Finger-ring 416 “*Name rings are common in France.” 1870: Ruskin Lect. Art (1875) 148 “His Christian name was John Baptist: he is here painting his *name-Saint.” 1861: Lytton & Fane Tannhäuser 37 “Four pages..That held the *name-scrolls of the listed bards.” 1852: N. Brit. Rev. Nov. 69 “The Life of their *Name-sire, sent forth by the Cavendish Society.” 1863: A. M. Bell Princ. Speech 148 “The alphabetic or *name-sound of the letter O.” 1924: Mawer & Stenton Introd. Survey Eng. Place-Names ix. 166 “Recent investigation has shown that many Germanic *name-stems which are never recorded in England in historic times were still used by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes of the fifth and sixth centuries.” 1953: K. H. Jackson Lang. & Hist. Early Brit. i. 174 “The name-stem Maglocun which appears both in Ogam and in Latin.” 1927: Observer 24 Apr. 8/4 “There is an air of strain, as if she were attempting—at any rate in the *name-story (the others are nearer her usual vein)—to achieve a high-flown style.” 1936: Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Jan. 76/4 “His `name-story' is of a poor Australian woman who marries an Afghan trader.” 1931: C. L'E. Ewen Hist. Surnames iii. 50 “Fick concluded that the German *name-system exceeded in splendour..others of the Aryan group.” 1937: Harvard Univ. Summaries Ph.D. Theses 271 “The aim of this study is..to study the Old English dithematic name against the background of the general Germanic name-system.” 1960: V. Jenkins Lions Down Under vi. 95 “Mother was almost sewing on *name-tabs at the airport.” 1973: P. O'Donnell Silver Mistress ii. 25 “The clothes..had tailor's name-tabs.” 1946: W. S. Knickerbocker 20th Cent. English 333 “Each may usurp the business of the other and lose thereby his special *name-tag.” 1948: H. Lawrence Death of Doll x. 230 “They did not want name tags pinned to their coat sleeves by Nick.” 1953: A. Upfield Murder Must Wait iv. 36 “On some of her clothes is a name tag with the initials P.R. overlaid on others which could be J.O. or J.U.” 1958: C. Watson Coffin scarcely Used xvii. 163 “Purbright watched Gibbins going through pockets. `Any name tags?' he asked.” 1964: G. L. Cohen What's Wrong with Hospitals? i. 16 “A parallel substitute for the spoken word is the system of name tags prevalent in America and gaining ground in Europe. `It saves the staff from having to introduce themselves.'” 1899: in A. Adburgham Shops & Shopping (1964) xxii. 261 “*Name tapes.” 1932: E. Bowen To North v. 45 “She stitched name-tapes on to her new summer-term outfit.” 1964: Little Girls ii. vii. 152 “Her mackintosh, name-taped as St. Agatha's demanded.” 1969: Guardian 1 Sept. 7/5 “Those new-fangled printed heat-adhesive name tapes.” 1971: M. McCarthy Birds of America 49 “Peter would have to have a haircut and name-tapes on his clothes.” 1826: Miss Mitford Village Ser. ii. (1863) 428 “That identical black bag, with its *name-tickets.” 1955: A. N. Prior Formal Logic 182 “It would not be possible to lay it down..that in any thesis a description may be substituted for a *name-variable.” 1957: Time & Modality 46 “Q is enriched by name-variables, predicate variables, and quantifiers.” 1963: O. Wojtasiewicz tr. ᴌukasiewicz's Elem. Math. Logic 103 “We shall be concerned with a certain theory of name variables.” 1605: Camden Rem. 35 “An Onomanticall or *Name-wisard Iew.” 1598: R. Haydocke tr. Lomazzo To Rdr., “All the *name-worthy writers of the Arte of Painting.” 1879: A. W. Ward Chaucer 190 “Occleve, the only name-worthy poetical writer of the reign of Henry IV.” 1903: Chambers's Cycl. Eng. Lit. (new ed.) III. 695/1 “The Growth of Love,..Eros & Psyche.., are amongst his nameworthy poems.”APPENDED FROM ADDITIONS 1993name, n. name, n. Add: [15.] name-check, (a) the public mention of a person's name, esp. in acknowledgement of his or her contribution to the matter in hand; (b) an official check on a person's credentials, esp. for purposes of security or criminal investigation. 1972: Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 10 Nov. 7/2 “It would be an exercise hardly more valuable than..reading out `*name-checks' to gratify the vanity of listeners to record programmes.” 1987: Hi-Fi News Jan. 125/2 “The lyrics betray a hint of literacy, with namechecks for Mark Twain and J D Salinger.” 1987: Listener 24 Sept. 38/3 “Somebody, somewhere, probably knows whether..Art Blakey and his sidemen have ever had a name-check for their help and encouragement to a British jazz band before.” 1987: N.Y. Times Mag. 6 Dec. 30/3 “A name check..is run for some Federal agencies..that require such criminal checks by statute.” name, v. 1 (neɪm)Forms: 1 (ᵹe)namian, 2- name, 6 nayme, Sc. neame; 4-5 nome. pa. pple. 4 y-namyd, 5 inamed, 4 Sc. nammyt, 6 namen.[OE. (ᵹe)namian = OFris. nama, noma, -ia, OS. namôn, MDu., MHG. namen, f. nama name n. The usual verb in OE. and ME. is nemnan, nemnen nemn.] name, v. 1 I. 1. name, v. 1 a. trans. To give a name or names to (persons, places, things, etc.); to call by some name. 1000: Ælfric Gen. ii. 20 “Adam þa ᵹenamode ealle nytenu heora namum.” 1382: Wyclif Eph. iii. 15 “The fadir of oure Lord Jhesu Crist, of whom ech fadirheed in heuenes and in erthe is named.” 1440: Promp. Parv. 351/1 “Namyn, nomino, denomino, cognomino.” 1483: Cath. Angl. 248/2 “To Name; appellare, baptizare.” 1535: Coverdale Luke ii. 21 “His name was called Iesus, which was named of ye angell, before he was conceaued.” 1548-9: Bk. Com. Prayer, Baptism 5b, “Then one of them shal name the childe, and dippe him in the water.” 1608: Shakes. Per. iii. iii. 13 “My gentle babe Marina, Whom, for she was borne at sea, I haue named so.” 1667: Milton P.L. xii. 326 “Of the Royal Stock Of David (so I name this King).” 1735: Pope Donne Sat. iv. 25 “Behold! there came A thing which Adam had been pos'd to name.” 1819: Shelley Cyclops 701 “My father named me so.” 1872: Ruskin Eagle's Nest 66 “The stars already named and numbered are as many as we require to hear of.” name, v. 1 b. Const. after, from, for, to (dial.), of. 1450: Lovelich Merlin 991 (Kölbing), “They..bad..that it named scholde ibe Aftyr his grant-fadyr.” 1535: Coverdale 2 Chron. vii. 13 “To humble my people, which is named after my name.” 1667: Milton P.L. ii. 579 “Cocytus, nam'd of lamentation loud Heard on the ruful stream.” 1697: Dryden Æneid iii. 28 “Enos, nam'd from me, the City [I] call.” 1800: H. Wells Const. Neville i. 7 “Louisa, who had been named for the mother of Mr. Hayman.” 1826: [see for prep. 7c]. 1842: R. I. Wilberforce Rutilius & Lucius 97 “Porphyry,..whom, I suppose, you have named after the great philosopher.” 1875: Lowell Under Old Elm viii, “Virginia, fitly named from England's manly queen!” 1930: Ade Let. 20 Aug. (1973) 147 “At one time he [sc. Peter VanRensselaer] owned thousands of acres in this region and the city of Rensselaer is named for him.” 1933: S. Howard Alien Corn i. 14 “We were just saying you must have been named for Wagner's Elsa.” 1936: M. de la Roche Whiteoak Harvest vi. 95 “You'll have children and perhaps..you'll name a little boy for me.” 1957: Northern Life June 9/1 “Saville Row was named for Col. Sir Geo. Saville, who commanded the garrison of the town [sc. Newcastle upon Tyne] in 1776-7 and lived in a house here.” 1968: B. Foster Changing Eng. Lang. v. 226 “A very typically American turn of phrase that is showing signs of headway in Britain is the replacing of `named after' by `named for'.” name, v. 1 c. With the name as complement. 1390: Gower Conf. II. 17 “And thus Iphis Thei namede him.” 1526: Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 1 “The cause why we name this treatyse the pilgrymage of perfeccion.” 1582: N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. i. ii. 6 “Afterward they named it the Iland of Sancta Hælena.” 1634: Milton Comus 58 “A Son..Whom..she brought up and Comus nam'd.” 1742: Pope Dunc. iv. 409, “I rear'd this Flow'r,..Then thron'd in glass, and named it Caroline.” 1781: Cowper Charity 3 “Whether we name thee Charity or Love.” 1839: Keightley Hist. Eng. I. 52 “The province was named Normandy from the Northmen.” 1875: Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 441 “There is a virtue, Simmias, which is named courage.” name, v. 1 d. In pa. pple. c1400: Destr. Troy 7305 “A lyuely yong knight,..nomet Boethes.” 1490: Caxton Eneydos vi. 25 “His sone, named pygmaleon, succeded hym.” 1530: Palsgr. 643/2 “Howe is he named more than Johan?” 1605: Shakes. Lear i. i. 274, “I..am most loth to call Your faults as they are named.” 1667: Milton P.L. i. 80 “One..Long after known in Palestine, and nam'd Beëlzebub.” 1704: Pope Windsor For. 172 “A rural nymph..the fair Lodona nam'd.” 1781: Cowper Charity 550 “That monument of ancient power, Named with emphatic dignity, the Tower.” 1855: Macaulay Hist. Eng. xii. III. 151 “Another brother, named Richard, had, in foreign service, gained some military experience.” name, v. 1 2. a. To call by some title or epithet. 900: in Bouterwek Screadunga 18 “Hwi namode Crist on his godspelle Abel rihtwisne toforan oþrum?” 1375: Sc. Leg. Saints i. (Peter) 550 “Of þe blame, þat lytil befor tholit he Of thame namyt of galele.” 1382: Wyclif 1 Macc. x. 1 “Alisaundre, son of Antiochus, that is named [v.r. y-namyd] noble.” 1477: Caxton Jason 6 “Fro thenne forthon he named him his broder.” 1535: Coverdale Isa. lxi. 6 “Ye shalbe named the prestes of the Lorde.” 1588: Shakes. L.L.L. i. ii. 18 “As an appertinent title to your olde time, which we may name tough.” 1631: Chettle Hoffman B3 “What though for this..he was nam'd A prescript outlaw.” 1732: Pope Ess. Man i. 282 “Cease then, nor Order Imperfection name.” 1818: Shelley Silence 2 “Silence! Oh, well are Death and Sleep and Thou Three brethren named.” 1869: Lynch Church & State 17 “Name them bishops, or name them not bishops, you will still have chief men.” name, v. 1 b. In pass. To have a (good or bad) name; to be (well or ill) spoken of. Obs. rare. 1390: Gower Conf. I. 333 “Sche, that hath evere be wel named.” 1533: Ld. Berners Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. (1546) Gb, “My sonne in lawe is greatly desyred, loued and wel named amonge the common people.” name, v. 1 c. To give (one) the name (of being something); to allege or declare (a person or thing) to be something. Obs. 1470-85: Malory Arthur x. xlvi. 488 “Corsabryn noysed her and named her that she was oute of her mynde.” 1568: Grafton Chron. II. 342 “Sir John Froyssart nameth one John Ball to be a chiefe Captaine.” 1591: Durham Depos. (Surtees) 332 “[He] did then jussell upon a strainger naymed to be a Duke.” 1647: N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. v. (1739) 13 “Other obedience than this I do not know to be due to him whom you name to be Pope.” name, v. 1 d. In pass. To be said to be, etc. Obs. rare —1. 1551: Recorde Pathw. Knowl. i. xxvii, “The circle is not named to be drawen in a triangle, because it doth not touche the sides of the triangle.” name, v. 1 3. To call (a person or thing) by the right name. In Sc. use freq. with negative, implying that one has forgotten the name. 1450: Merlin 319 “Gentill sir, cometh forth, for I can not yet yow namen.” 1610: Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 335 “Thou..wouldst..teach me how To name the bigger Light and how the lesse.” 1611: Wint. T. i. ii. 386 “There is a sicknesse, Which puts some of vs in distemper, but I cannot name the Disease.” 1786: Burns Holy Fair iv, “I'm sure I've seen that bonie face, But yet I canna name ye.” 1846: Keble Lyra Innoc. 24 “Easier each hour the task will grow To name the unfolding flower.” name, v. 1 II. 4. name, v. 1 a. To nominate, designate, assign, or appoint (a person) to some office, duty, or position. 1000: Laws Edw. in Thorpe I. 158 “ᵹif he..ne mehte, þonne namede him man six men.” 1000: Laws Æthelst. ibid. 240 “Beforan..his witum þe se cyng silf namode.” 1000: Ælfric Hom. II. 500 “[Hi] wurdon ᵹenamode to þam ylcan ᵹewinne þe heora fæderas on wæron.” 1430-40: Lydg. Bochas ix. xix. (1554) 27 “How Robert duke of Normandy..was named to the crowne of Jerusalem.” 1496-7: Act 12 Hen. VII, c. 13 1 “The seid orderours and assessours..shall name Collectours for the levye of the same aide.” 1542-3: Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII, c. 27 56 “Such persons, as shalbe named to be iustices of peace.” 1552: Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 130 “Gif the Lord neames his tennent and chargis to mak him in reddiness to compeir.” 1605: Shakes. Macb. ii. iv. 31 “He is already nam'd, and gone to Scone To be inuested.” 1687: A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 81 “Hisouf Basha..was declared Mansoul, and Kaidar Zada named in his place.” 1726: Wodrow Corr. (1843) III. 240 “The Assembly came to the choice of the new Moderator, and Mr. Mitchell..was named by the Commissioner.” 1799: Jefferson Writ. (ed. Ford) VII. 362 “In the meantime, a consul general is named to St. Domingo.” 1831: Examiner 563/1 “A malignant Ministry..names him to a Bishopric.” 1874: Green Short Hist. viii. 10. 568 “Though the members of the Council were originally named by him, each member was irremovable save by consent of the rest.” name, v. 1 b. To assign (an honour, etc.) to a person. 1523: Q. Margaret in Mrs. Wood Lett. Illustr. Ladies I. 301 “The cause of this is about the benefices, for the governor hath named them to sundry persons, but he..holdeth them in his hands.” name, v. 1 c. intr. To vote. Obs. rare —1. 1566: in Fowler Hist. C.C.C. (O.H.S.) 111 “He hath lost his right of the Colledge for refusinge to name diffinitivelye in Mr. Belly's matter.” name, v. 1 5. a. To mention, speak of, or specify (a person or persons, etc.) by name. Also absol. 1000: Ælfric Saints' Lives viii. 165 “Quintianus cwæð..`ᵹit þu namast Crist?'” 1390: Gower Conf. I. 156 “The knyht also, if I schal name, Danz Petro hihte.” 1425: Cursor M. 5162 (Trin.), “Whenne iacob in bed þat lay herde Ioseph named þat day.” 1475: Rauf Coilȝear 503 “He namit na mair the, Nor ane vther man to me.” 1535: Coverdale 1 Sam. xxviii. 8 “Bringe me him vp whom I shal name vnto thee.” 1560: J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 44b, “Herin he named no nation.” 1590: Shakes. Mids. N. i. ii. 41 “Now name the rest of the Players.” 1630: R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. A2b, “Some of our owne have beene more ingenuous, to name him when they quote him: and thats faire play.” 1711: Steele Spect. No. 254 5, “I..never hear him named but with Pleasure and Emotion.” 1791: Mrs. Radcliffe Rom. Forest viii, “Theodore was not once named.” 1817: W. Selwyn Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 949 “If two ports of discharge are named in the policy [etc.].” 1855: Tennyson Brook 130 “He took Her blind and shuddering puppies, naming each.” 1875: Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 296 “Tell me to whom among the Athenians he should go. Whom would you name?” transf. 1850: Tennyson In Mem. ii, “Old Yew, which graspest at the stones That name the under-lying dead.” name, v. 1 b. refl. To announce one's own name. 1597: Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. ii. 120 “Iohn Falstaffe Knight: (Euery man must know that, as oft as hee hath occasion to name himselfe).” 1607: Cor. iv. v. 63 “Necessitie commands me to name my selfe.” name, v. 1 c. to name on (or in) the same day (or of a day), to bring into comparison or connexion. Only in negative and interrogative sentences. 1606: B. Jonson Epigr. cxxxi, “They were not to be named on the same day.” 1641: Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 37 “But nor he (Abraham) nor he (David) to be named in the same day with our Saviour.” 1694: Congreve Double-Dealer iii. ii, “Sir Paul... You may talk of my Lady Froth! Care. O, fy! fy! not to be named of a day.” 1839: Lockhart Scott (1900) I. 275 “That Scott..was not to be named as a table-companion in the same day with this or that master of..dissertation.” name, v. 1 d. Of the Speaker of the House of Commons: To indicate (a member) by name as guilty of disorderly conduct or disobedience to the chair. 1792: Hansard's Parl. Hist. XXX. 113 “The Speaker..stated that..he was now compelled to name the member that had given this interruption.” 1810: Sporting Mag. XXXV. 302 “The Speaker..felt very sorry that it would become his duty to name him.” 1881: Hansard's Parl. Deb. CCLVIII. 68 “Mr. Speaker, In the terms of the standing order, I Name you..as wilfully disregarding the authority of the Chair.” 1928: [see last a. 1f]. 1972: Guardian 11 Feb. 22/4 “The Speaker failed to `name' or suspend Miss Devlin after hitting Mr Maudling.” name, v. 1 e. name! Used in Parliamentary practice, or in imitation of this, to demand that a member be named, or that the name of some person alluded to by a speaker shall be given. 1817: Parl. Deb. 279 “Loud cries of hear, hear, name, name, order.” 1859: Reade Love me Little II. 244 “Who told you that, aunt? Name; as they say in the House.” 1866: Dickens Mugby Junction iii, “Miss Piff, trembling with indignation, called out; `Name!'” name, v. 1 f. To specify officially (someone) by name to whom certain political (usu. Communist) affiliations are imputed, esp. in South Africa under the Suppression of Communism Act, 1950, and in the U.S.A. during the period of McCarthyism. 1950: Times 9 Mar. 5/3 “Senator McCarthy has been ordered by Senator Tydings..to name to-morrow the high State Department official who he has alleged in the Senate intervened to protect an employee who was regarded as a bad security risk.” 1952: Economist 31 May 581/3 “He [sc. Mr E. S. Sachs] has been `named' by the Minister of Justice as a Communist under the Suppression of Communism Act.” 1956: L. Kuper Passive Resistance in S. Afr. ii. viii. 188 “For most whites, a `named' person bears a permanent social stigma; he is not acceptable as an employee, or in ordinary intercourse.” 1957: S. Adler Isolationist Impulse xv. 460 “He [sc. McCarthy] said he could name 205, or 57, or 81 Reds (the numbers usually varied with each harangue) in the State Department.” 1958: G. M. Carter Politics of Inequality ii. ii. 65 “The Minister could then forbid those `named' to take part in any specified organization. But the `naming' process is not essential before taking action, for the Minister..can also prohibit any gathering if it appears to aid the objects of Communism.” name, v. 1 g. To cite as co-respondent in a divorce petition. 1971: Yeldham & Carne Rees's Divorce Handbk. (ed. 4) ii. 27 “Unless otherwise directed, where a wife's petition alleges adultery with a woman named, the alleged adultress must be made a respondent in this cause.” 1971: A. Hunter Gently at Gallop ii. 11 “Laing divorced her, naming Berney... Berney was named in another suit, and his first wife petitioned, using that as grounds... He's been named once or twice since then.” 1972: Guardian 23 Dec. 24/5 “The television actress, Linda Thorson..was named yesterday in a divorce suit.” name, v. 1 6. a. To mention, speak of, or specify (a thing) by its name or usual designation. 1382: Wyclif Eph. v. 3 “Fornycacioun..and al vnclennesse, or auarice, be not named in ȝou.” 1390: Gower Conf. II. 84 “Quikselver..the which..Is ferst of thilke fowre named.” 1535: Coverdale 1 Cor. v. 1 “Soch whordome, as is not once named amonge the Heythen.” 1591: Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. i. 41 “Name not Religion, for thou lou'st the Flesh.” 1608: Per. v. iii. 33 “Did you not name a tempest, A birth and death?” 1671: Milton Samson 674 “Nor do I name of men the common rout.” 1732: Pope Ess. Man ii. 193 “Nor Virtue, male or female, can we name, But what will grow on Pride, or grow on Shame.” 1781: Cowper Conversat. 496 “The woes that fear or shame..forbade them once to name.” 1819: Shelley Cenci iv. iv. 128 “The crimes which mortal tongue dare never name.” 1860: Pusey Min. Proph. 582 “To name evil is a temptation to evil.” transf. 1599: Shakes. Hen. V, iv. Prol. 16 “The Clocks doe towle And the third howre of drowsie Morning name.” name, v. 1 b. To make mention of, to speak about (a fact, circumstance, etc.). Also const. on. 1542: Udall Erasm. Apoph. 196b, “The same is named on diverse others as well as on Alexander.” 1599: Shakes. Hen. V, iv. iii. 42 “He..Will stand a tip-toe when this day is named.” 1617: Moryson Itin. i. 228, “I was troubled with loosenesse of body, whereof I made good use, as I shall hereafter shew, which makes me name it.” 1669: Sturmy Mariner's Mag. iv. viii. 218 “This Rule will not be impertinent to this Place, being not named before.” 1719: De Foe Crusoe ii. (Globe) 511 “My Fellow-Traveller and I had different Notions. I do not name this to insist upon my own.” 1729: Pope Let. to Swift 28 Nov., “I was once displeas'd before at you, for complaining to Mr. * of my not having a pension, and am so again at your naming it to a certain Lord.” 1874: Green Short Hist. ii. 8. 106 “The measures we have named were only part of Henry's legislation.” name, v. 1 c. To mention or cite as an instance. 1594: Shakes. Rich. III, iv. iv. 173 “What comfortable houre canst thou name, That euer grac'd me with thy company?” 1690: Locke Hum. Und. i. ii. 23, “I would gladly have any one name that proposition whose terms or ideas were either of them innate.” name, v. 1 d. To state, give particulars of. 1605: Shakes. Lear i. i. 73, “I finde she names my very deede of loue: Onely she comes too short.” 1735: Pope Donne Sat. iv. 162 “He names the price for ev'ry office paid.” 1850: Tennyson In Mem. xciii, “Hear The wish too strong for words to name.” 1864: En. Ard. 215 “Annie, the ship I sail in passes here (He named the day).” name, v. 1 e. Phr. you name it, I (or we) have (or have done) it (also with other verbs), everything that you can think of is available, has been done, etc.; also ellipt., you name it. 1962: J. Braine Life at Top xviii. 213 “You name the drink, we have it.” 1964: M. S. Allwood American & British 137 “American. You name it! British.or whatever you like.” 1967: Field & Stream Aug. 63/2 “Mallards, gadwall, partridge, quail—you name it—they're up here for the season every year.” 1968: Sun (Baltimore) 18 Sept. A. 14/4 “Bear Creek, Back River, you name it; the story is the same.” 1969: N. Freeling Tsing-Boum vii. 45 “What sort of world are they born into anywhere?—hunger, napalm, you name it and we've got it.” 1969: Rolling Stone 28 June 17/3 “I've written every kind of music there is. You name it, I've written it. All except one thing I couldn't do: rhythm and blues.” 1972: D. Lees Zodiac 53 “He's been a smuggler, a gun runner, a dope peddler—you name it.” 1973: Times 6 Jan. 9/4 “Bits of chicken, port, olive— you name it.” 1973: Black Panther 8 Sept. 17/1 “I've seen police call people slur names such as nigger, mother fuckers, bitches, whores..you name it, they had a name for it.” name, v. 1 7. With cognate object: name, v. 1 a. To utter or mention (the name of a person or thing). 1382: Wyclif 2 Tim. ii. 19 “Ech man that nameth the name of the Lord.” 1526: Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 219b, “Thy holy name is inuocate & named vpon vs.” 1588: Shakes. L.L.L. iii. i. 167 “When tongues speak sweetly, then they name her name.” 1715: De Foe Fam. Instruct. i. i. (1841) I. 24 “It is a..profane thing to name his name on slight occasions.” 1820: Shelley Hymn Merc. x, “Still scoffing at the scandal, And naming his own name.” 1864: Tennyson Aylmer's F. 581 “That night, that moment, when she named his name.” name, v. 1 b. To utter (a word); to say. Obs. 1588: Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 239 “Du. Will you vouchsafe with me to change a word? Mar. Name it.” Tit. A. iii. ii. 33 “As if we should forget we had no hands, If Marcus did not name the word of hands.” 1593: 3 Hen. VI, v. v. 58 “What's worse then Murtherer, that I may name it?” name, v. 1 c. to name no names: to refrain from mentioning the names of the people involved in an incident, etc., in order to protect them; often with the implication that the hearer or reader could supply these names. 1792: F. Burney Jrnl. June (1972) I. 212 “She desired he would name no names, but merely mention that some ladies had been frightened.” 1843: Dickens Mart. Chuz. (1844) iv. 46 “Naming no names, and therefore hurting nobody but those whose consciences tell them they are alluded to.” 1890: Kipling Soldiers Three 12 “Av coorse I will name no names, for there's wan that's an orf'cer's lady now, that was in ut.” 1908: K. Grahame Wind in Willows iv. 89 “The Wild Wood is pretty well populated by now; with all the usual lot, good, bad and indifferent—I name no names.” 1919: Beerbohm Seven Men 203 “But now my sense of duty forces me To a departure from my custom of Naming no names. One name I must and shall Name.” 1972: L. Lamb Picture Frame xiii. 107 “You put that tale around, naming no names, at one o' your police smokers, you'll have 'em all rolling in the aisles.” name, v. 1 8. To mention or specify as something desired, suggested, or decided upon; to appoint or fix (a sum, time, etc.). to name the day: of a woman, to fix her wedding day; also transf. 1593: Shakes. Rich. II, iv. i. 304 “Rich. Ile beg one Boone..Shall I obtaine it? Bull. Name it, faire Cousin.” 1594: Rich. III, iii. iv. 19 “But you, my Honorable Lords, may name the time.” 1611: Bible Gen. xxiii. 16 “Abraham weighed to Ephron the siluer, which he had named.” 1638: Earl of Manchester in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 278 “To name 24l. a month..is so poor and mean an offer.” 1766: Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xvii. 171 “`Name, then, your day...' ..She again renewed her..promise of marrying Mr. Williams..and..that day month was fixed upon for her nuptials.” 1778: F. Burney Evelina lxxxi, “If there is any thing I can name which he can do for me.” 1835: Dickens Sk. Boz, Mr. Watkins Tottle ii, “I am quite sure that I never could..name the day to my future husband.” 1841: Let. 25 Mar. (1969) II. 243 “Chigwell, my dear fellow, is the greatest place in the world. Name your day for going.” 1863: Reade Hard Cash xxxiv, “Then he made hot love to her, and pressed her hard to name the day.” 1974: Times 9 Feb. 16/6 “`Heath names the day,' shrilled the billboards yesterday. And an elderly couple on a bus said: `It's about time he got married.'” name, v. 2 obscure var. of nim v., to take. 1450: St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 310 “Þat a childe in his kyngdome Now late borne he myght him name.”

  ὑφαίνω music language extensibility markup

Music manuscript generation leveraging MusicXML. Various output tonalities, with many based on twelve-tone (dodecaphony) techniques. This is a filter I very much wanted to write in undergrad but, alas, musicxml did not exist … Josef Matthias Hauer (1883–1959) was an Austrian composer and theorist known for devising a distinctive method of organizing all 12 pitches of the chromatic scale in a non-tonal framework. Although his name may not be as widely recognized today, his work laid important groundwork for atonal and twelve-tone composition in the early 20th century. Hauer was born on March 19, 1883, in Wiener Neustadt, Austria. His early musical studies were not extensively documented, but he showed aptitude in both theory and performance from a young age. He initially worked as a schoolteacher, composing and theorizing in his spare time. Through self-study and experimentation, he came to question the traditional rules of functional harmony. In his writings and compositions starting in the 1910s, Hauer sought to free music from the gravity of tonal centers. He proposed a system where the 12 pitches of the chromatic scale could be used in a way that avoids prioritizing any single note. Rather than emphasizing a single row or theme, Hauer organized these pitches into smaller groupings he called “tropes.” Each trope was a specific arrangement or combination of pitches that could be permuted, forming the basis for entire works. Hauer’s theoretical approach was tied to his belief in a “universal law” of music. He saw these 12-tone relationships as reflecting an almost cosmic or spiritual principle, rather than merely a new compositional tool. Hauer composed numerous pieces for chamber ensembles, solo instruments, and voice, all reflecting his emphasis on freely structured, atonal pitch configurations. His music often features unusual melodic lines and fragmentary gestures, sometimes producing a restrained, introspective atmosphere. Listeners may notice that chords or melodic figures do not resolve in the usual tonal sense; instead, the piece evolves through an interplay of pitch sets. A central idea in Hauer’s discourse was “melos,” or the pure flow of pitches. He often strove for clarity of line and balance among pitches, avoiding any strong pull toward traditional consonance or dissonance hierarchy. Remaining in his homeland through both World Wars, Hauer did not actively build a network of disciples or a formal school around his ideas. His somewhat solitary disposition and the upheaval of the times contributed to his relatively low public profile. After World War II, interest in experimental and avant-garde musical systems flourished internationally, though Hauer’s specific approach did not gain the broad institutional support enjoyed by other methods. He continued to write and compose, albeit in a more marginalized position. Hauer’s system stands as an early, genuine route to atonal and twelve-tone composition, emphasizing abstract patterns (tropes) and a mystical faith in an underlying natural law of pitch.

composing, vbl. n. 1. The action of the verb compose (in its various senses). 1574: Whitgift Def. Aunsw. 364 (R.) “The appeasing and composing of controversies and heresies.” 1594: Bp. J. King Jonas (1618) 203 “For the composing and attoneing of Christened kingdoms.” 1663: Gerbier Counsel 23 “The composing of a fit and easy Staires being a Masterpiece.” 1688: Penn. Archives I. 103 “For the composing of several disputes and differences.” 1708: Hearne Collect. 4 Sept. II. 129 “The Printers demand per sheet 14s. for composing.” 1782: Priestley Corrupt. Chr. II. viii. 121 “They sung..hymns of their own composing.” 1873: Lowell Among my Bks. Ser. ii. 315 “To Wordsworth, composing was a healthy exercise.” composing, vbl. n. 2. Comb. (in sense 7 of the verb): composing-frame, the frame or stand at which a compositor stands; composing-machine, a machine for setting up type; composing-room, the room in which compositors work; (in quot. 1859) the room in which an author composes; composing-rule, a brass or steel rule against which the type is set in a composing stick, a setting-rule; composing-stand = composing-frame; composing-stick, an instrument (now of metal) of adjustable width, in which the type is set before being put on a galley. 1737: London Mag. Oct. 552/1, “7 Persons enter'd the Printing-House in Bow-street; 3 of whom rush'd up Stairs, and coming into the *Composing-Room, one of them spoke to Mr. Haines.” 1824: J. Johnson Typogr. II. 222 “The press-room should, if possible, be separated from the composing-room.” 1859: De Quincey Wks. (1863) II. 137 “The poet's study and composing room.” 1889: Pall Mall G. 14 Nov. 2/3 “Mr. Boyle began in the composing-room and ended in the editorial chair.” 1679: Plot Staffordsh. (1686) 358 “It makes the half of an oblong right-angled parallelepiped cut diagonally, being somewhat like the *composing stick of a Printer.” 1882: Blades Caxton 123 “The composing-sticks were originally of hard wood, without any sliding adjustment.” comˈposing, ppl. a. [f. as prec. + -ing 2.] comˈposing, ppl. a. That composes; esp. tranquillizing, soothing, sedative, as a composing draught. 1644: Sir E. Dering Prop. Sacr. Biij, “A composing third way was my wish.” 1646: Crashaw Steps to Temple 60 “The sweet peace of all-composing night.” 1796: Lamb Let. to Coleridge 3 Oct., “I may dismiss immediately both doctor and apothecary, retaining..a composing draught or so for a while.” 1860: Mrs. Carlyle Lett. III. 37 “To take three composing draughts a day.”

  1250 Owl & Night 1426 Thurh chirche bende

Filters for data bending image to text, text to image, audio to text, text to audio. Perhaps a bit passé, but still interesting in some contexts.

passé, a. and n. 1 (pɑse) Also (in fem. form) passée.[F. passé, passée, pa. pple. of passer to pass, used as adj., in same sense.] passé, a. and n. 1 A. adj. Past, past the prime; esp. of a woman: past the period of greatest beauty; also, out of date, behind the times, superseded. 1775: F. Burney Early Diary (1889) II. 101 “Others say that she is passée.” 1823: Byron Juan xiii. lxxx, “The passport shrouds The `passée' and the past; for good society Is no less fam'd for tolerance than piety.” 1853: Lytton My Novel v. viii, “Even a Frenchman would not have called her passée—that is for a widow. For a spinster, it would have been different.” 1865: `Ouida' Strathmore I. viii. 133 “Malice is for passées women.” 1886: F. Harrison Choice Bks. 71 “They..pronounce Fielding to be low, and Mozart to be passé.” passé, a. and n. 1 B. as n. In Ballet (see quot. 1948). Also attrib. 1948: A. Chujoy tr. Vaganova's Basic Princ. Classical Ballet vi. 65 “Passé corresponds to its French meaning (passed). It is an auxiliary movement which transfers (passes) the leg from one position into another. If you are standing in développé effacé forward and you wish to bring the leg back into arabesque without doing a grand rond de jambe, you bend the leg at the knee, leaving it at a height of 90, brush the toe of that foot past the standing leg and bring it out into arabesque. The passing the leg through this path is called passé.” 1957: T. Mara Second Steps in Ballet 41 “Passé... This means to pass the foot to a position at the knee in preparation for opening it in the développé. The right foot is strongly pointed at the little hollow of the supporting knee.” 1959: B. & P. Fletcher How to improve your Ballet Dancing ix. 100 “Relevé to passé position on left toe with right toe touching inside supporting knee.” 1967: G. Grant Tech. Man. & Dict. Classical Ballet (ed. 2) 75 “Passé,..is an auxiliary movement in which the foot of the working leg passes the knee of the supporting leg from one position to another (as, for example, in développé passé en avant) or one leg passes the other in the air (as in jeté passé en avant) or one foot is picked up and passes in back or in front of the supporting leg (as in chassé passé).”

  Mutacyouns of fortune fletyn with-owte

Text recombination modeled and patterned after genetic process. This is a fully revised and reimagined implementation from version six. Genetic recombination refers to the rearrangement of DNA sequences by the breakage and rejoining of chromosomes or chromosome segments. It also describes the consequences of such rearrangements, that is, the inheritance of novel combinations of alleles in the offspring that carry recombinant chromosomes. Genetic recombination is a programmed feature of meiosis in most sexual organisms, where it ensures the proper segregation of chromosomes. Because the frequency of recombination is approximately proportional to the physical distance between markers, it provides the basis for genetic mapping. Recombination also serves as a mechanism to repair some types of potentially lethal damage to chromosomes. Genetic recombination is often used as a general term that includes many types of DNA rearrangements and underlying molecular processes.

mutation [a. F. mutacion (13th c. in Littré), -ation, ad. L. mūtātiōn-em, n. of action f. mūtāre to change: see mutate and -ation.] mutation 1. a. The action or process of changing; alteration or change in form or qualities. c1374: Chaucer Boeth. Pr. vi. 18 (Camb. MS.), “ffor-thi wenestow þat þise Mutacyouns of fortune fletyn with-owte gouernor.” 1426: Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 3280 “To maken..That merveyllous mutacion, Bred in-to flesshe, wyn in-to blood.” c1430: Pilgr. Lyf Manhode i. xli. (1869) 24 “Al mutacioun that is doon in haste j hate.” c1522: Bp. Fox in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. ii. II. 4 “Thestate & condicion of the Toune & Marches of Calis & other Fortryses within the same, & of theyr ruynes, decayes, mutacyons, and alteracions, fro the auncyent estatuz and ordinances [etc.].” 1523: Ld. Berners Froiss. I. clv. 187 “It is come to the kynges knowledge, howe that his subgettes ar sore greued by reason of the mutacyon of ye moneys.” 1605: Shakes. Lear iv. i. 11 “O world! But that thy strange mutations make vs hate thee Life would not yeelde to age.” 1655: G. S. in Hartlib Ref. Commw. Bees 21, “I took the pain to observe and collect the Generation of several Insects, with their various mutations from kind to kind.” 1776: Burney Hist. Mus. (1789) I. iv. 54 “The Mutations or changes incident to melody which in modern music we should call..modulation.” a1849: Hor. Smith Addr. Mummy ix, “Since first thy form was in this box extended We have above ground seen some strange mutations.” 1892: Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker vi, “More than three years had intervened almost without mutation in that stationary household.” mutation b. Changeableness. Obs. a1548: Hall Chron., Edw. IV (1550) 23 “Suche is ye mutacyon of the common people, lyke a rede wyth euery wind is agitable and flexible.” mutation c. Change in government, revolution. Also, ?revolt, insurrection. Obs. In the sense `revolt' the word may be a. OF. meutacion, f. meute riot, uproar (see mute n. 3). a1470: Tiptoft Cæsar x. (1530) 12 “He douted lest in his absence there shuld arise some chaunge or mutacyon in Fraunce.” 1660: Milton Free Commw. Wks. 1851 V. 432 “We had bin then by this time firmly rooted past fear of Commotions or Mutations.” 1737: Whiston Josephus, Hist. i. xvi. 5 “He..exacted the tribute..as a penalty for the mutations they had made in the country.” mutation 2. concr. (Roman Antiq.) As rendering of L. mutatio (see quot. 1610). Obs. 1610: Holland Camden's Brit. i. 65 “Also Mutations; for so they called in that age, the places where strangers, as they journeied did change their post-horses [etc.].” 1677: Plot Oxfordsh. 326 “Pillars of stone, whereon they inscribed the distances from the regal Cities, Stations, and Mutations.” mutation 3. Mus. mutation a. In mediæval solmization: The change from one hexachord to another involving a change of the syllable applied to a given note. 1597: Morley Introd. Mus. Annot., “Mutation is the leauing of one name of a note and taking another in the same sound.” 1609: Douland Ornith. Microl. 16 “To a Musitian..Mutation is..the putting of one concord for another in the same Key.” 1760: Phil. Trans. LI. 743 “The author is speaking of the sixth division of harmonic, which was mutation.” 1807: Robinson Archæol. Græca v. xxiii. 534 “In music the Greeks distinguished..rhythmus, mutations, and melopœia.” mutation b. mutation stop: a stop whose pipes produce tones one-fifth or a major third above the proper pitch of the key struck, or above one of its octaves. So mutation rank. 1855: Hopkins Organ 110 “Mutation or Filling-up Stops do not give a sound corresponding with the key pressed down; but some sound g on the C key, others e.” 1881: C. A. Edwards Organs 153 “The proper balancing of the foundation and mutation ranks.” mutation c. In violin-playing: `The shifting of the hand from one position to another' (Cent. Dict. 1890). mutation 4. Gram. mutation a. In the Celtic languages, a change of an initial consonant, depending on the grammatical (or, prehistorically, on the phonetic) character of the preceding word. 1843: Proc. Philol. Soc. I. 124 “That remarkable system of initial mutations of consonants which distinguishes the Celtic languages from all others in Europe.” 1904: Athenæum 5 Nov. 621/3 “If Welsh loses its mutations as South Wales is doing slightly, we shall be sorry.” mutation b. = umlaut. 1875-6: H. Sweet in Trans. Philol. Soc. 558 “The mutation of original ā, which is written æ in WS.” Ibid. 567 “The most marked distinction between A[nglo-] F[risian] and O[ld] S[axon] is the want of `umlaut' or mutation in the latter.” 1887: Skeat Princ. Eng. Etymol. Ser. i. 211 “In many instances, the original vowel of the root has suffered both mutation and gradation.” Comb. 1892: Sweet Eng. Gramm. I. 315 “The following mutation-plurals are still in common use.” mutation 5. Law. mutation a. In French law (see quot. 1856). Also Comb. (in Canada) mutation-fine. 1825: Act 6 Geo. IV, c. 59 5 “Every..droit de lods et ventes, and mutation fine of every description [Lower Canada].” 1856: Bouvier Amer. Law Dict. (ed. 6) II. 195 “Mutation, French law... Applied to designate the change which takes place in the property of a thing in its transmission from one person to another... It is nearly synonymous with transfer.” mutation b. mutation of libel (see quot. 1856). 1685: Consett Pract. Spirit. Courts iii. i. 2 (1700) 82 “We now come to the other part of Mynsinger his purpose (Scil.) the mutation or changing of Libels; mutare Libellum, to change the Libel, is to vary and alter the substance of it.” 1856: Bouvier Amer. Law Dict. (ed. 6) II. 195 “Mutation of libel, practice. An amendment allowed to a libel, by which there is an alteration of the substance of the libel.” mutation 6. Biol. mutation a. The process whereby detectable and heritable changes in genetic material arise; also, formerly, a process by which de Vries (Die Mutationstheorie (1901-3)) supposed a new species to be suddenly produced by a departure from the parent type (in contrast with variation). mutation b. A change of this kind in the genetic material. mutation c. An individual (or, more rarely, an assemblage of like individuals) which has been produced by this process; a mutant. 1894: W. B. Scott in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. Nov. 372 “Bateson's results..emphasize strongly the difference between variation and that steady advance along certain definite lines which Waagen called mutation.” 1901: Jrnl. R. Microsc. Soc. 439 “Quite distinct from these are those abrupt..variations..which sometimes occur, and of which de Vries records a remarkable instance in the genus Œnothera. For such variations de Vries proposes the term mutations.” 1904: Westm. Gaz. 23 Apr. 12/3 “It is with the origin of the minor species that the De Vries Mutation Theory is concerned.” 1905: in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. LXI. Proc. p. lxxiii, “A mutation, in the palaeontological and original sense, may be defined as a contemporaneous assemblage of individuals united by specific identity of structure inter se, and by common descent from a known pre-existing species, from which they differ in some minute but constant character or characters.” 1907: Athenæum 31 Aug. 242/1 “The theory of mutation..assumes that a species has its birth, its lifetime, and its death, even as an individual, and that throughout its life it remains one and the same. By a mutation it does not change itself, but simply produces a new type. The mutation `is allied to its ancestor as a branch is to a tree'.” 1919: Jrnl. Exper. Zool. XXVIII. 381 “In our opinion, the attempted distinctions between `saltations', `mutations', and `variations of slight degree' have led rather to confusion of thought than to clearer thinking. To us these are all a single class, `mutations', and the term carries no restrictions of degree, covering the most extreme as well as the slightest detectable inherited variation.” 1925: Genetics X. 117 “If one thinks of mutations as being simply inherited changes, it becomes necessary to distinguish changes that involve whole chromosomes.., changes that involve several adjacent genes.., and what have been called `point-mutations' or `gene-mutations'.” 1928:, 1930: [see gene mutation s.v. gene 1 2]. 1955: Sci. News Let. 25 June 409 “Many mutations are lethal. If man-made irradiation increases the mutation rate, the result is sure to be harmful.” 1955: Sci. Amer. July 74/2 “Reproduction is one of the two essential features of life. Mutation is the other.” 1957: I. Asimov Naked Sun (1958) xi. 145 “Even the best gene analysis of parents can't assure that all gene permutations and combinations will be favourable, to say nothing of the possibility of mutations. That's our big concern, the unexpected mutation.” 1965: A. H. Sturtevant Hist. Genetics x. 62 “It is ironic that few of the original mutations observed by de Vries in Oenothera would now be called mutations.” 1971: J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man xxviii. 392 “The cause of mutation is some faulty copying during replication of the DNA. This..will be inherited only if it occurs in the line of the germ cells. Mutations elsewhere in the body are called somatic mutations... The accumulation of somatic mutations may produce some of the diseases of old age.” 1972: [see Mendelian n.]. 1974: Sci. Amer. Sept. 82 (caption) “One-gene mutation is responsible for the difference between the beta chain of a normal hemoglobin molecule..and that of hemoglobin S, the variant form responsible for sickle-cell anemia.” mutation 7. Special Comb.: mutation mink, a mink belonging to a mutant strain with a fur colour different from the normal; fur or a garment made from the skin of such a mink; mutation pressure, a tendency for recurring mutation (rather than selection) to alter the frequency of a particular allele within a population; mutation rate, the rate at which gene mutations occur (see quot. 1971); mutation theory, the theory of de Vries concerning the origin of new species (see 6a). 1942: H. Bock in Amer. Fur Breeder Oct. 14 (title) “*Mutation mink and their use in coats.” 1945: R. G. Hodgson Mink Book (ed. 2) 41 “Mutation mink got their start in the United States..and the Silverblu..was the important mink to give the industry something to think about.” 1956: J. G. Links Book of Fur 166 “The mutation mink names Silverblu, Aleutian, Royal Pastel..each representing a different mutation which had been developed since the original Silverblu.” 1958: Vogue Jan. 12 “Natural pale beige mutation mink.” 1966: R. Serjeant Mink on my Shoulder xi. 152 “To the fur trade and perhaps also to the general public, the mutation mink means a mink of an abnormal colour or fur pattern that can be repeated at will.” 1931: Genetics XVI. 100 (heading) “*Mutation pressure.” 1962: D. J. Merrell Evol. & Genetics xxiv. 237 “Theoretically mutation pressure alone could bring about evolution.” 1930: R. A. Fisher Genetical Theory Nat. Select. vi. 122 “If..the *mutation rates..are high enough to maintain any considerable genetic diversity, it will only be the best adapted genotypes which can become the ancestors of future generations.” 1948: Proc. R. Soc. B. CXXXV. 168 “It follows that human mutation rates are about twice those of Drosophila per nuclear division, and about one two-hundredth of those of Drosophila per day.” 1971: Levitan & Montagu Textbk. Human Genetics xvii. 649 “Mutation rates are usually stated in terms of the number of changed genes per locus per generation.” 1904: *Mutation theory [see sense 6 above]. 1912: Amer. Naturalist XLVI. 359 “We can distinguish and trace the history of these quantitative variations from generation to generation only when the differences between them are of some size. This has led many to think that only variations of some size are inherited (the mutation theory) and others to deny that such variations can be increased in size by selection.” 1962: D. J. Merrell Evol. & Genetics xxi. 213 “In the very early days of genetics de Vries (1902) proposed the mutation theory of evolution as an alternative to the theory of natural selection.”

  Печально, но факт ⤜⤛℘ В шоколаде

Extended probability limit, representing a sum of system-dependent aleatoric variables in finite homogeneous concatenations (теория связанных вероятностей). Statistical text recombination aligned with the theoretical framework of Андрей Андреевич Марков. Будущее состояние системы зависит исключительно от её текущего состояния, а не от её предшествующей истории—это свойство известно как «отсутствие памяти». Perhaps most remarkable about Марков: in 1912, after learning Лев Толстой had been excommunicated for criticizing ritualistic ceremony and doctrinal orthodoxy over orthopraxy, Марков himself requested—and subsequently received—his own excommunication from the Русская православная церковь … Мужик!

1787 Crit. Rev. LXIV. 188 The work [by Zimmermann] before us is properly statistical. It consists of different tables, containing a general comparative view of the forces, the government, the extent and population of the different kingdoms of Europe. 1789 Polit. Geog.; Introd. Statist. Tables Europe 17 With a view to facilitate the study of the Statistic science. 1790 Sir J. Sinclair Let. in Statist. Acc. Scot. (1798) XX. App. p. xix, In many parts of the Continent, more particularly in Germany, Statistical Inquiries, as they are called, have been carried to a very great extent. 1802-12 Bentham Ration. Judic. Evid. (1827) II. 597 The sort of collateral use thus capable of being derived from any article of official evidence, may be termed the statistic use. 1825 McCulloch Pol. Econ. i. 59 The object of the statistician is to describe the condition of a particular country at a particular period. 1851 Mrs. Browning Casa Guidi Wind. i. 892 The poet who neglects pure truth to prove Statistic fact. 1860 Motley Netherlands (1868) I. ii. 29 It was what would now be considered statistically speaking, a rather petty power. 1864 Kingsley Rom. & Teut. ix. 232 Till that point is reached, the history of the masses will be mere statistic concerning their physical well-being or ill-being. 1880 `Mark Twain' Tramp Abroad xvi. 148 There is not a statistic wanting. It is as succinct as an invoice. This is what a translation ought to be. 1885 J. W. Gibbs in Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci. XXXIII. 57 (heading) On the fundamental formula of statistical mechanics, with applications to astronomy and thermodynamics. 1885 Manch. Exam. 17 Feb. 4|4 While cotton was firm and statistically strong, the Indian exchanges again came lower. 1900 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 617 The statistical dynamics of the distribution of the molecules. 1917 Proc. K. Akad. van Wetensch. te Amsterdam XIX. 578 The statistical mechanical explanation Boltzmann gave of it [sc. the second law of thermodynamics] rests on statistical foundations which are destroyed by the introduction of the quanta. 1927 Sunday Express 17 July 11 Miss Inderrieden has reduced desertions to a percentage basis. She says that the wife is to blame in fifty percent. of desertions... This is a dreadful specimen of statisticising. It means absolutely nothing. 1934 Punch 14 Mar. 292|2 Few citizens realise that there is any river traffic other than the boat race. Let me give them a statistic—At least 3,000 craft of all sizes pass under Waterloo Bridge every week.

  Oh fie, fie, 'tis an vnweeded Garden That growes to Seed

A few species of text content generation: citation, words, and numbers. Useful, serviceable, banausic, functional, workable, applicable, and handy in various, many, myriad, multitudinous, miscellaneous, multifold, mixed, some, beaucoup, innumerable, multiple, divers, numerous, sundry, countless and multifarious ordinary life-and-death situations.

text, n. 1 Also 4 tixte, tyxt(e, 4-5 tixt, 4-6 texte, (4, 7 (9 dial.) tex, 6 texe, 7 texed).[a. F. texte, also ONF. tixte, tiste (12th c. in Godef.), the Scriptures, etc., ad. med.L. textus the Gospel, written character (Du Cange), L. textus (u-stem) style, tissue of a literary work (Quintilian), lit. that which is woven, web, texture, f. text-, ppl. stem of tex-ĕre to weave.] text, n. 1 1. a. The wording of anything written or printed; the structure formed by the words in their order; the very words, phrases, and sentences as written. 13..: E.E. Allit. P. B. 1634 “Fyrst telle me þe tyxte of þe tede lettres.” 13..: Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1515 “For to telle of þis teuelyng of þis trwe knyȝtez, Hit is the tytelet, token, & tyxt of her werkkez.” 1500: Melusine xii. 45 “They delyuered to Raymondyn the ground that was gyuen to hym after the texte or tenour of hys lettres.” 1560: J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 65b, “For those wordes.., this is my body, Luther vnderstode barely and symply after the texte of the letter.” 1678: Cudworth Intell. Syst. i. iv. 240 “The most of Plato's Followers..offering all kind of violence to his Text.” 1720: Swift To Stella 138 “Say, Stella, when you copy next, Will you keep strictly to the text?” 1888: Bryce Amer. Commw. II. liii. 326 “Without venturing to propose alterations in the text of the Constitution.” text, n. 1 b. Applied vaguely to an original or authority whose words are quoted. Obs. 1400-50: Alexander 214 “It be-tid on a tyme þe text me recordis, Þat þe mode kynge..farne out of toune.” 1400: Destr. Troy 4007 “But truly I telle as þe text sais.” text, n. 1 c. fig. or in allusive use. 1440: York Myst. xxv. 535 “Hayll! texte of trewthe þe trew to taste. Hayll! kyng & sire.” 1589: Warner Alb. Eng. vi. xxxi. 136 “Ply Sir..your busie trade, you are besides the Tex.” 1635: Naunton Fragm. Reg. (Arb.) 23 “It is not without the text, to give a short touch on the helps, and advantages of her reign.” text, n. 1 d. The wording adopted by an editor as (in his opinion) most nearly representing the author's original work; a book or edition containing this; also, with qualification, any form in which a writing exists or is current, as a good, bad, corrupt, critical, received text. 1841: Myers Cath. Th. iii. 8. 26 “Our present Received Text has been a growth—improved from many and various sources.” 1845: Graves Rom. Law in Encycl. Metrop. II. 770/1 “Hänel, the latest editor, has not inserted these seven constitutions in his text.” 1870: Freeman Norm. Conq. (1877) II. App. 658 “The text seems very corrupt.” 1875: Scrivener Lect. Text N. Test. 7 “The vast importance of preserving a pure text of the sacred writers.” 1891: Athenæum 15 Aug. 219/1 “No attempt has been made to settle the text.” text, n. 1 2. esp. The very words and sentences as originally written: text, n. 1 a. in the original language, as opposed to a translation or rendering; text, n. 1 b. in the original form and order, as distinguished from a commentary, marginal or other, or from annotations. Hence, in later use, the body of any treatise, the authoritative or formal part as distinguished from notes, appendices, introduction, and other explanatory or supplementary matter. 1377: Langl. P. Pl. B. xvii. 12 “Dilige deum Þe glose was gloriousely writen.” 1385: Chaucer L.G.W. Prol. (MS. Gg) 86 “The nakede tixt in englis to declare.” 1388: Wyclif Prol. xv. 57 “This symple creature hadde myche trauaile,..to studie it [Latin Bible] of the newe, the text with the glose.” 1430: 26 Pol. Poems xx. 1 “The tixt of holy writ,..Hit sleeþ, but glose be among.” 1532: More Confut. Tindale Wks. 406/1 “Nowe cummeth Tyndale and..sheweth that the latine texte and the Greke may bee hys excuse and defence.” 1576: Fleming Panopl. Epist. 179 margin, “τί τῷ λογῷ sayth the Greeke text: Quidnam oratione, saith the Latine interpretation.” 1700: Dryden Cymon & Iphig. 18 “When his broad Comment makes the Text too plain.” 1749: Fielding Tom Jones iii. iii, “Coke upon Littleton, where the comment is of equal authority with the text.” 1804: Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1837) III. 25 “As these accompaniments, or possibly the text are seldom read.” 1859: Tennyson Vivien 679 “And none can read the text, not even I; And none can read the comment but myself.” 1875: Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 256 “There still remains an ambiguity both in the text and in the explanation.” 1908: Athenæum 8 Aug. 147/3 “All his references are to Arabic texts.” text, n. 1 c. That portion of the contents of a manuscript or printed book, or of a page, which constitutes the original matter, as distinct from the notes or other critical appendages. In first quot. fig. 1369: Chaucer Dethe Blaunche 333 “And alle the wallys with colouris fyne Were peynted, bothe text and glose.” 1597: Morley Introd. Mus. Annot., “I haue..thought it best to set downe in Annotations, such thinges as in the text could not so commodiouslie be handled.” 1778: Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry (1840) II. xxiii. 304 note, “It is not immediately formed from the Troye-boke of Lydgate, as I have suggested in the text.” 1848: Mill Pol. Econ. i. v. 8 (1876) 48 note, “Consequently, as shewn in the text, her labourers suffered.” 1859: Tennyson Vivien 669 “Every marge enclosing in the midst A square of text that looks a little blot.”

  1778 Learning at a Loss II. 11 Five thousand Instruments of Equestrian Utility

A few utilities for modifying text lines, words, and characters … nothing too abstruse.

utility, n. Also 5-6 vtilite (6 -ie), 6 utillitie (7 Sc. vtillatie), utilite, 7 -ie.[a. OF. utilitei, utelite (1291), utilitet (12th c.), etc. (F. utilite), ad. L. ūtilitāt-, ūtilitās, f. ūtili-s utile a. Cf. Sp. utilidad, Pg. -idade, It. utilità.] utility, n. 1. a. The fact, character, or quality of being useful or serviceable; fitness for some desirable purpose or valuable end; usefulness, serviceableness. In frequent use c 1540-c 1650, and from c 1755. The constructions in the two earliest quots. are obsolete. 1391: Chaucer Astrol. ii. 26 “The vtilite to knowe the Assenciouns in the rihte cercle.” 1425: tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 55 “Maners of curacions..to be noted vnder compendiousnez to þe vtilite of helyng.” 1440: Gesta Rom. xciv. 424 (Add. MS.), “I clad my seruaunte, that is, my manhode, nought but to vtterly vtilite and necessite.” 1528: R. Thorne in Hakl. Voy. (1589) 251 “The commoditie and vtilitie of this Nauigation.” 1566: J. Alday tr. Boaystuau's Theat. World Sij, “The wonderfull Invention, Utilitie and Dignitie of Printing.” 1603: Holland Plutarch's Mor. 19 “Where..the attractive pleasure and sweetenesse of speech, is not without some fruit nor void of utilitie.” 1651: Hobbes Leviathan iv. xliv. 349 “The utility of Prayer for the Dead.” 1758: Johnson Idler No. 93 1 “He discussed the utility..of the Islington turnpike.” 1762-71: H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) II. 266 “The circular court is a picturesque thought, but without meaning or utility.” 1801: S. & Ht. Lee Canterb. T. IV. 418 “A cottage..more calculated for utility than ornament.” 1841: Elphinstone Hist. Ind. II. 71 “The extent and utility of his public works.” 1871: Mozley Univ. Serm. vi. (1876) 124 “The older poetical view brought in more the utility and active force of nature.” 1878: Jevons Prim. Pol. Econ. 15 “Everything which forms a part of wealth must be useful, or have utility.” utility, n. b. In the phrase of (..) utility. 1440: Pallad. on Husb. iii. 524 “Rootys smale of noon vtilite Cutte of.” 1514: Barclay Cyt. & Uplondyshman (Percy Soc.) 5 “Fayre warkes of grete utylyte.” 1598: Barret Theor. Warres v. i. 139 “Which thinke you to be of most vtilitie in the warres?” 1759: Robertson Hist. Scot. ii. 32 “This victory..was of no real utility.” 1778: Learning at a Loss II. 11 “Five thousand other Instruments of Equestrian Utility.” 1801: S. & Ht. Lee Canterb. T. IV. 424 “Those in whose hands..[life] is an engine of either private or public utility.” 1831: D. E. Williams Life & Corr. Sir T. Lawrence II. 42 “The habit..is of the greatest utility.” 1857: Ruskin Pol. Econ. Art 11 “The two great objects of utility and splendour.” utility, n. c. Philos. The ability, capacity, or power of a person, action, or thing to satisfy the needs or gratify the desires of the majority, or of the human race as a whole. 1751: Hume Princ. Mor. v. 73 “In common Life..the Circumstance of Utility is always appeal'd to.” 1780: Bentham Princ. Legisl. i. (1789) p. iii, “An action then may be said to be conformable to the principle of utility..when the tendency it has to augment the happiness of the community is greater than any it has to diminish it.” 1785: Paley Moral & Pol. Philos. i. vi, “Or must we give up our princple, that the criterion of right is utility?” 1830: Mackintosh Progr. Eth. Philos. vi. Wks. 1846 I. 194 “A theory founded on Utility..requires that we should cultivate..those other habitual dispositions which we know..to be generally the source of actions beneficial to ourselves and our fellows.” 1861: Mill Utilit. ii. (1863) 9 “The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle.” 1883: H. Sidgwick Pol. Econ. i. iii. 77 “There is another difficulty lurking in the conception of Utility as a measure of wealth.” utility, n. d. The intrinsic property of anything that leads an individual to choose it rather than something else; in game theory, that which a player seeks to maximize in any situation where there is a choice; the value of this, as (actually or notionally) estimated numerically. 1881: F. Y. Edgeworth Math. Psychics p. vi, “It is argued from mathematical considerations that the basis of arbitration between contractors is the greatest possible utility of all concerned.” 1934: Economica Feb. 53 “Suppose..that we have a utility function given; that is to say, we know, for the individual in question, how much utility he would derive from any given set of quantities of the goods on the market.” 1944: von Neumann & Morgenstern Theory of Games i. 16 “We feel..that one part of our assumptions at least—that of treating utilities as numerically measurable quantities—is not quite as radical as is often assumed in the literature.” 1948: Jrnl. Polit. Econ. LVI. 280/1 “Choices among riskless alternatives are explained in terms of maximization of utility: individuals are supposed to choose as they would if they attributed some common quantitative characteristic—designated utility—to various goods and then selected the combination of goods that yielded the largest total amount of this common characteristic.” 1960: A. Rapoport Fights, Games, & Debates iv. 64 “The more he worked, the more he would get and so the more utility would accrue to him on that account. The more he worked, however, the more tired he would get and the more negative utility would accrue to him on that account.” 1965: Papers Regional Sci. Assoc. XV. 162 “The individual will tend to locate himself at a place whose characteristics possess or promise a relatively higher level of utility than in other places which are conspicuous to him.” 1968: G. Owen Game Theory vi. 133 “This cannot be determined simply by measuring the increase and decrease of utility which this action causes to the two individuals, for..the units of utility scales are arbitrary and thus cannot be used for interpersonal comparisons.” 1973: Proc. R. Soc. B. CLXXXIV. 421 “In such a calculus [of medicine] it is necessary to assume that it is possible to attach a measure of worth or value to any state of health, and for this measure we use the word utility.” 1980: A. J. Jones Game Theory iv. 178 “If you assign a utility of 50 to the loss of $10, then it will not pay you to engage in this gamble if your utility for a gain of $20 is less than 75.” utility, n. 2. The quality of being advantageous or profitable, profit, advantage, use. Freq. const. of (a person, etc.). Obs. In frequent use c 1535-c 1580, esp. coupled with profit. 1440: Pallad. on Husb. iii. 485 “This wey is light and more vtilite.” 1455: Paston Lett. I. 365 “Charges born and payd..for the avauncement of his conquest, the good and utilite of hym, of his seyd royaume and duchie forseid.” 1471: Caxton Recuyell (Sommer) 120 “This is ayenst your prosperite and utilite.” 1509: Hawes Past. Pleas. vi. (Percy Soc.) 25 “You shall, quod she, my scyence wel lerne, In tyme and space, to your gret utilite.” 1533-4: Act 25 Hen. VIII, c. 9 1 “To the greate profete and vtilitie of a greate number of the Kynges Subjectes.” 1576: Lambarde Peramb. Kent Ded. iii b, “What vtilitie foloweth the studie of Hystories.” 1657: Rec. Old Aberd. (New Spalding Club) I. 94 “The hundreth merkis..left in legacie be..George Clerk..for the vse and vtillatie of the said cittie.” 1698: J. Keill Exam. Th. Earth 63 “Choosing such..positions of things as bring with them the greatest good and utility to the Universe.” 1752: J. Louthian Form of Process (ed. 2) 238 “Circuit Courts was [sic] introduced for the manifest Utility of the Lieges.” utility, n. 3. a. A useful, advantageous, or profitable thing, feature, etc.; a use. Chiefly in pl. 1483: Caxton Cato a viijb, “By the comyn wele of a londe is saued all synguler prouffytes and utylyties.” 1489: Faytes of A. i. vi. 14 “For the regarde of somme particuler vtilite.” 1502: Arnolde Chron. Index (1811) 6 “That money..to be chosen..for necessites and vtylites of the same cite.” 1541: Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. Biijb, “The scyence of the Nathomy is..nedefull to the Cyrurgyen for .iiij. vtylyties.” 1586: A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. (1595) 142 “Iudge by your owne decernment..howe greatlie you are ledde awrie, in thus careleslie roaming vpon others vtilities.” 1604: E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies vii. i. 496 “If therefore there were no other fruite in the Historie..of the Indians, but this common vtilitie.” 1659: Pearson Creed i. 34 “Which no man who considereth the uses and utilities of every species can deny.” 1688: Boyle Final Causes Nat. Things iii. 82 “Of several of his creatures, whereof men..make some uses, they shall hereafter discover other utilities.” 1775: Harris Philos. Arrangem. ix. 196 “The Knowledge of Nature, and the Utilities of common Life.” 1800: W. Taylor in Robberds Mem. (1843) I. 355 “Genius never was remarkable for teaching the practical utilities.” 1876: Holland Seven Oaks xii. 169 “It had lifted him above the bare utilities of a house, so that he could see the use of beauty.” 1908: S. E. White Riverman xxviii, “Heinzman wanted the improvements..sold as a public utility to the highest bidder.” utility, n. b. Pol. Econ. (See quots., and cf. 1c.) 1848: Mill Pol. Econ. i. iii. I. 56 “What we produce..is always..an utility. Labour is not creative of objects, but of utilities.” 1904: R. T. Ely & Wicker Elem. Princ. Economics 81 “A good or utility is anything which can satisfy a human want.” utility, n. c. public utility: see public a. 2i. Also simply utility. Hence, a company providing such a service or supply. In pl. also shares in such a company. chiefly N. Amer. 1930: Daily Express 6 Sept. 2/6 “Utilities joined in the forward movement, which gathered considerable momentum in the final dealings, and the closing was strong.” 1935: Economist 26 Jan. 195/1 “Steel shares were merely steady, but utilities were inclined to take fresh heart... Mayor La Guardia indeed turned his attention this week from power utilities to the transit companies.” 1936: L. C. Douglas White Banners iii. 46 “It was a new..sensation to be free of bill-collectors... You would have thought him another person than the..apologizer..who had abased himself before..the credit departments of the stores and the utilities.” 1942: Sun (Baltimore) 7 Mar. 20 “Additional housing..within the limits of existing utilities..is immediately desirable.” 1957: [see Dow-Jones]. 1968: Globe & Mail (Toronto) 17 Feb. 5/1 “Toronto Hydro's request for a 700-foot smokestack on the..steam heating utility.” 1974: N.Y. Times 8 Dec. iv. 3/1 “American Electric Power Co., the nation's largest privately owned utility.”

in girum imus nocte et consumimur igni